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Malcolm X & Hip Hop
Davey D on Malcolm X's birthday today
Monday May 19th: Lets all take time out and reflect upon what would've
been the 78th birthday of El Hajj Malik El Shabazz aka Malcolm X.
Where would Hip Hop be had the fiery Civil Rights leader was still
around? There is no doubt, that Malcolm would've been involved with
the Hip Hop generation. He most likely would've offered us his
guidance, loaned keen insight and given up a lot of game about the
inner workings of the music biz. He would've been a driving force
that would've encouraged Hip Hop to sustain the early path it took in
the direction of social commentary and social upliftment. Malcolm X
who was a strong believer in us owning our own things would've no
doubt encouraged Hip Hoppers to do whatever it took to own their own
creations. He was not about the business of folks getting pimped.
Malcolm X was assassinated in 1965 but his connection to Hip Hop has
been a long and strangely eerie one. The man who once ran the streets
of Harlem, lived the fast life and spent time in prison was a bona
fide 'Hip Hopper' of sorts back in the days of his youth. Malcolm
went to all the latest shows, hung out with all the coolest music
cats. He was up on the latest happenings as they were emerging from
the streets. Back when he was a youth, Malcolm who was always known
for keeping it real was down with the whole scene.. But for those of
us who were around during the early days of Hip Hop, you may recall
one the most happening hot spots was a place called the Audubon
Ballroom. It was the spot right across the street from the
Presbyterian Hospital. This was the place where Malcolm X was
assassinated. By the late 70s it was the spot for some of the most
memorable Hip Hop parties featuring everyone from Grandmaster Flash to
Grand Wizard Theodore. Who didn't go to the Audubon?
Malcolm's spirit was constantly being invoked because back in the days
popular deejays, in particular Afrika Bambaataa would play excerpts
from his speeches over popular break beats Years later people like
myself as well as numerous others would follow suit on air. To this
day I still pull out 'Message To The Grass Roots' or Ballot of the
Bullet' and rock them over funky beats. Playing Malcolm was done on
the regular, it didn't matter whether it was his birthday or not.
Malcolm was a constant companion to the early Hip Hop generation.
Just to give you an idea of how popular Malcolm X was, there were
pressing of some of his famous speeches on Paul Winley records that
sold like hot cakes during Hip Hop's early days. In these reissued
recordings a fictional announcer had been inserted asking Malcolm
pertinent questions on all sorts of pressing issues ranging from his
views on non-violence to the concept of Black Nationalism. The
answers to the announcers questions were of course taken from various
Malcolm X speeches, in particular The Ballot or the Bullet speech. The ironic thing about Malcolm being recorded on Paul Winley records
was the fact that this small label was one of the first to compile
popular break beats and issue them on a series of albums. I still
have my collection and to this day I play cuts like 'Cheeba Cheeba',
'Bra' and 'Scratchin' and the 'Funky Penguin' to name a few. Everyone
who was into Hip Hop back then had at least one Paul Winley record..
His releases proceeded Sugar Hill by more then a few years..
In later years especially around the Afrocentric period of Hip Hop
[1987-93], Malcolm's distinctive voice was heard on more albums then I
can name. Everyone from 3X Dope to Sway & Tech sampled Malcolm X.
His popularity with the Hip Hop generation was due to the fact that he
was seen as someone who would take 'no shorts'. Folks admired his
militant stance on things. The fact that Malcolm grew up in the hood
and 'lived the life' made him even more relatable. The fact that he
was able to turn his life around after going to prison was inspiring.
A lot of younger people understood that if Malcolm could make it
happen, so could they.. One should also note that since his death
Malcolm had profoundly impacted the young generation in each decade
that followed. In the 60s he inspired the Black Panthers who in fact
referred to themselves as 'Children of Malcolm'. In the 70s he
inspired early Hip Hoppers. In the 80s, he inspired Hip Hop's
Afrocentric period. Malcolm's influence began to wane sometime in the
90s. You stopped hearing his voice on records due the music industry
and his estate seriously cracking down on 'illegal samples'. One
wasn't free to simply put Malcolm's voice on record. Using his voice
as was also the case with Martin Luther King, required one to go
through some rigorous clearance procedures. For many, the trouble and
expense it took was not worth it after a while. Adding to that was
you now had a new younger generation of Hip Hoppers who were coming up
at a time when social consciousness was seen as being soft and
ineffective. Being a gangster was the order of the day.
For many, Malcolm X is someone they know about because they may have
had to read his autobiography, but his voice and what he was actually
saying his relatively unknown by most. To illustrate this example, a
couple of years ago at 12 noon deejay Mind Motion of 106 KMEL, opened
up his mix show with a quote from Malcolm where he says 'Lets stop
singing and start swinging'. It was lifted from a Motion Man record
that came out several years ago. When I went around and asked people
if they knew who the voice was, hardly any of the younger folks I came
across recognized Malcolm X's voice. But then again why would they?
When was the last time they heard a Malcolm X speech? When have they
last seen his image on TV? When was the last time folks took time out
to reflect upon his birthday? Better yet who last had a conversation
with them about Malcolm? Check out KPFA 94.1 FM today between 7-10pm
when Malcolm X will be properly honored..
been the 78th birthday of El Hajj Malik El Shabazz aka Malcolm X.
Where would Hip Hop be had the fiery Civil Rights leader was still
around? There is no doubt, that Malcolm would've been involved with
the Hip Hop generation. He most likely would've offered us his
guidance, loaned keen insight and given up a lot of game about the
inner workings of the music biz. He would've been a driving force
that would've encouraged Hip Hop to sustain the early path it took in
the direction of social commentary and social upliftment. Malcolm X
who was a strong believer in us owning our own things would've no
doubt encouraged Hip Hoppers to do whatever it took to own their own
creations. He was not about the business of folks getting pimped.
Malcolm X was assassinated in 1965 but his connection to Hip Hop has
been a long and strangely eerie one. The man who once ran the streets
of Harlem, lived the fast life and spent time in prison was a bona
fide 'Hip Hopper' of sorts back in the days of his youth. Malcolm
went to all the latest shows, hung out with all the coolest music
cats. He was up on the latest happenings as they were emerging from
the streets. Back when he was a youth, Malcolm who was always known
for keeping it real was down with the whole scene.. But for those of
us who were around during the early days of Hip Hop, you may recall
one the most happening hot spots was a place called the Audubon
Ballroom. It was the spot right across the street from the
Presbyterian Hospital. This was the place where Malcolm X was
assassinated. By the late 70s it was the spot for some of the most
memorable Hip Hop parties featuring everyone from Grandmaster Flash to
Grand Wizard Theodore. Who didn't go to the Audubon?
Malcolm's spirit was constantly being invoked because back in the days
popular deejays, in particular Afrika Bambaataa would play excerpts
from his speeches over popular break beats Years later people like
myself as well as numerous others would follow suit on air. To this
day I still pull out 'Message To The Grass Roots' or Ballot of the
Bullet' and rock them over funky beats. Playing Malcolm was done on
the regular, it didn't matter whether it was his birthday or not.
Malcolm was a constant companion to the early Hip Hop generation.
Just to give you an idea of how popular Malcolm X was, there were
pressing of some of his famous speeches on Paul Winley records that
sold like hot cakes during Hip Hop's early days. In these reissued
recordings a fictional announcer had been inserted asking Malcolm
pertinent questions on all sorts of pressing issues ranging from his
views on non-violence to the concept of Black Nationalism. The
answers to the announcers questions were of course taken from various
Malcolm X speeches, in particular The Ballot or the Bullet speech. The ironic thing about Malcolm being recorded on Paul Winley records
was the fact that this small label was one of the first to compile
popular break beats and issue them on a series of albums. I still
have my collection and to this day I play cuts like 'Cheeba Cheeba',
'Bra' and 'Scratchin' and the 'Funky Penguin' to name a few. Everyone
who was into Hip Hop back then had at least one Paul Winley record..
His releases proceeded Sugar Hill by more then a few years..
In later years especially around the Afrocentric period of Hip Hop
[1987-93], Malcolm's distinctive voice was heard on more albums then I
can name. Everyone from 3X Dope to Sway & Tech sampled Malcolm X.
His popularity with the Hip Hop generation was due to the fact that he
was seen as someone who would take 'no shorts'. Folks admired his
militant stance on things. The fact that Malcolm grew up in the hood
and 'lived the life' made him even more relatable. The fact that he
was able to turn his life around after going to prison was inspiring.
A lot of younger people understood that if Malcolm could make it
happen, so could they.. One should also note that since his death
Malcolm had profoundly impacted the young generation in each decade
that followed. In the 60s he inspired the Black Panthers who in fact
referred to themselves as 'Children of Malcolm'. In the 70s he
inspired early Hip Hoppers. In the 80s, he inspired Hip Hop's
Afrocentric period. Malcolm's influence began to wane sometime in the
90s. You stopped hearing his voice on records due the music industry
and his estate seriously cracking down on 'illegal samples'. One
wasn't free to simply put Malcolm's voice on record. Using his voice
as was also the case with Martin Luther King, required one to go
through some rigorous clearance procedures. For many, the trouble and
expense it took was not worth it after a while. Adding to that was
you now had a new younger generation of Hip Hoppers who were coming up
at a time when social consciousness was seen as being soft and
ineffective. Being a gangster was the order of the day.
For many, Malcolm X is someone they know about because they may have
had to read his autobiography, but his voice and what he was actually
saying his relatively unknown by most. To illustrate this example, a
couple of years ago at 12 noon deejay Mind Motion of 106 KMEL, opened
up his mix show with a quote from Malcolm where he says 'Lets stop
singing and start swinging'. It was lifted from a Motion Man record
that came out several years ago. When I went around and asked people
if they knew who the voice was, hardly any of the younger folks I came
across recognized Malcolm X's voice. But then again why would they?
When was the last time they heard a Malcolm X speech? When have they
last seen his image on TV? When was the last time folks took time out
to reflect upon his birthday? Better yet who last had a conversation
with them about Malcolm? Check out KPFA 94.1 FM today between 7-10pm
when Malcolm X will be properly honored..
Add Your Comments
Comments
(Hide Comments)
"There is no doubt, that Malcolm would've been involved with the Hip Hop generation."
Oh really... and why is that? What exactly IS the "Hip Hop generation"? Just another marketing tool I'm afraid. Hip Hop beats are used to sell everything from Toothpaste to Sports Cars. Still... some insist it's a "revolutionary artform." Give me a break.
If you like Hip Hop... fine. But why must their be the type of conformist line that young people today are "the Hip Hop generation"? Many young people DO NOT like or listen to Hip Hop (myself included). Does that make us right wing republicans or reactionary racists? Sorry... Hip Hop is an aesthetic form, and as such it can be used by anyone. Try turning on the Trinity Broadcast Network (TBN), that station run by lunatic right wing so-called Christians. They have Hip Hop "artists" doing beats for Christ!
Hip Hop has been around for more than 25 years now... and it has been co-opted by big capital and anyone else who can sink their claws into it. Do you really think you are going to reclaim it as a form of street express with a revolutionary attitude? Give up... more people know that pathetic pervert Snoop Dog than Paris, and that's the way it is. Find another form that is truly your own.
You say Malcolm X would be into Hip Hop, but are you into the music Malcolm listened to? Capitalism dicates that styles change every few years... a way of maintaining an endless supply of useless products for us to buy. You've fallen for that trap. All you know is Hip Hop... but what about the music Malcolm listened to? The GREAT African American Jazz legends are totally forgotten by you... swept under the rug, put aside. It's a crime that you can't name a singe Jazz Artist from Malcolm's time.
My take on it is that Malcolm X would no more be into Hip Hop than he would today's Rock 'n Roll. The majority of kids who purchase Hip Hop music are White and Middle Class. Malcolm would have cringed to see Snoop Dog selling those wretched "Girls Gone Wild" video tapes. He would have been sickened by all the anti-Women lyrics in Gangsta Rap. Malcolm had nothing but respect for Women, and as a principled revolutionary he NEVER would have put up with all that hate filled sexist garbage.
There is no "Hip Hop" generation. There are people who like the music and people who don't... and that aint got nothing to do with their world view or politics.
Oh really... and why is that? What exactly IS the "Hip Hop generation"? Just another marketing tool I'm afraid. Hip Hop beats are used to sell everything from Toothpaste to Sports Cars. Still... some insist it's a "revolutionary artform." Give me a break.
If you like Hip Hop... fine. But why must their be the type of conformist line that young people today are "the Hip Hop generation"? Many young people DO NOT like or listen to Hip Hop (myself included). Does that make us right wing republicans or reactionary racists? Sorry... Hip Hop is an aesthetic form, and as such it can be used by anyone. Try turning on the Trinity Broadcast Network (TBN), that station run by lunatic right wing so-called Christians. They have Hip Hop "artists" doing beats for Christ!
Hip Hop has been around for more than 25 years now... and it has been co-opted by big capital and anyone else who can sink their claws into it. Do you really think you are going to reclaim it as a form of street express with a revolutionary attitude? Give up... more people know that pathetic pervert Snoop Dog than Paris, and that's the way it is. Find another form that is truly your own.
You say Malcolm X would be into Hip Hop, but are you into the music Malcolm listened to? Capitalism dicates that styles change every few years... a way of maintaining an endless supply of useless products for us to buy. You've fallen for that trap. All you know is Hip Hop... but what about the music Malcolm listened to? The GREAT African American Jazz legends are totally forgotten by you... swept under the rug, put aside. It's a crime that you can't name a singe Jazz Artist from Malcolm's time.
My take on it is that Malcolm X would no more be into Hip Hop than he would today's Rock 'n Roll. The majority of kids who purchase Hip Hop music are White and Middle Class. Malcolm would have cringed to see Snoop Dog selling those wretched "Girls Gone Wild" video tapes. He would have been sickened by all the anti-Women lyrics in Gangsta Rap. Malcolm had nothing but respect for Women, and as a principled revolutionary he NEVER would have put up with all that hate filled sexist garbage.
There is no "Hip Hop" generation. There are people who like the music and people who don't... and that aint got nothing to do with their world view or politics.
hip hop is a fad that has past it's day , it is on a slow slide into no where. and trying to prop it up with Malcolm X is sad. but with the desprate state of the music industry at this time I am sure they will do anythind to keep afloat. even use the name"Malcolm X "
to try to make a sale.
to try to make a sale.
Whoa, out of context...read the whole thing:
"There is no doubt, that Malcolm would've been involved with the Hip Hop generation. He most likely would've offered us his guidance, loaned keen insight and given up a lot of game about the inner workings of the music biz. He would've been a driving force
that would've encouraged Hip Hop to sustain the early path it took in the direction of social commentary and social upliftment. Malcolm X who was a strong believer in us owning our own things would've no doubt encouraged Hip Hoppers to do whatever it took to own their own creations. He was not about the business of folks getting pimped."
It's a little frustrating to me when folks categorize all Rap (and by inference, inaccurate though it may be, all hip hoppers) as the same -- admittedly, things are pretty, um...backward when we're talkin' about KMEL, but this is the same KMEL who fired Davey D, ya know? Also, in terms of politically aware rap, it's not just Paris -- check out the film "Soundz of Spirit" or KRS One's "Fundamentals of Hip Hop" to get a sense of what is going on past the bling bling and platinum hype.
I do hear ya about the lack of information about the music of Malcolm's generation -- but part of that problem is rooted in the crack-down on sampling. If the definition of fair use was applied to music the same way it was to print, at least the possibility of using beatz and sounds from earlier generations would be there. It was being utilized much or widely until Rap became about cash money, for better or for worse. For what it's worth, I could rattle off a whole list of Jazz musicians from Malcolm's generation, but I'm 40 and a pro musician, so there ya go.
Hip Hop Underground
"There is no doubt, that Malcolm would've been involved with the Hip Hop generation. He most likely would've offered us his guidance, loaned keen insight and given up a lot of game about the inner workings of the music biz. He would've been a driving force
that would've encouraged Hip Hop to sustain the early path it took in the direction of social commentary and social upliftment. Malcolm X who was a strong believer in us owning our own things would've no doubt encouraged Hip Hoppers to do whatever it took to own their own creations. He was not about the business of folks getting pimped."
It's a little frustrating to me when folks categorize all Rap (and by inference, inaccurate though it may be, all hip hoppers) as the same -- admittedly, things are pretty, um...backward when we're talkin' about KMEL, but this is the same KMEL who fired Davey D, ya know? Also, in terms of politically aware rap, it's not just Paris -- check out the film "Soundz of Spirit" or KRS One's "Fundamentals of Hip Hop" to get a sense of what is going on past the bling bling and platinum hype.
I do hear ya about the lack of information about the music of Malcolm's generation -- but part of that problem is rooted in the crack-down on sampling. If the definition of fair use was applied to music the same way it was to print, at least the possibility of using beatz and sounds from earlier generations would be there. It was being utilized much or widely until Rap became about cash money, for better or for worse. For what it's worth, I could rattle off a whole list of Jazz musicians from Malcolm's generation, but I'm 40 and a pro musician, so there ya go.
Hip Hop Underground
Davey D means well, but his endless hoorah about the Hip Hop Generation is trite trite trite. It ain't got no nutrients. If the point is to draw people into political activity and to see that this world can be changed, then talk about that with some intelligence and knowledge. Say something perceptive. Something that makes people think. Instead from Davey D all we get is "the hip hop generation is this and the hip hop generation's that"--damn doesn't he ever get tired of keepin' it so shallow?
Word M%£@CAH!!! WORD!!!
Pimpin Malik now for Hip Hoism
HOW LOOOOOOOOW CAN YOU GOOOOOOOOOOOOO
He might have dug a few griots but not this marketing "industry" bs called Hip Hop and the Hip Hop Generated Byproducts. ..and FO SHO the Hip Hop G'z would slag him for not gettin down with the hella sellout. Actually, when you think about it. If Malik were still alive -- we would never have had a need to pimp our music and poetry likes so there would be no Hip Hop. Be careful what you dream about...
Do the Knowledge
You wrote: "IP FLOP
by mozart Saturday May 24, 2003 at 10:05 AM
"There is no doubt, that Malcolm would've been involved with the Hip Hop generation."
Oh really... and why is that? What exactly IS the "Hip Hop generation"? Just another marketing tool I'm afraid. Hip Hop beats are used to sell everything from Toothpaste to Sports Cars. Still... some insist it's a "revolutionary artform." Give me a break.
If you like Hip Hop... fine. But why must their be the type of conformist line that young people today are "the Hip Hop generation"? Many young people DO NOT like or listen to Hip Hop (myself included). Does that make us right wing republicans or reactionary racists? Sorry... Hip Hop is an aesthetic form, and as such it can be used by anyone. Try turning on the Trinity Broadcast Network (TBN), that station run by lunatic right wing so-called Christians. They have Hip Hop "artists" doing beats for Christ!
Hip Hop has been around for more than 25 years now... and it has been co-opted by big capital and anyone else who can sink their claws into it. Do you really think you are going to reclaim it as a form of street express with a revolutionary attitude? Give up... more people know that pathetic pervert Snoop Dog than Paris, and that's the way it is. Find another form that is truly your own.
You say Malcolm X would be into Hip Hop, but are you into the music Malcolm listened to? Capitalism dicates that styles change every few years... a way of maintaining an endless supply of useless products for us to buy. You've fallen for that trap. All you know is Hip Hop... but what about the music Malcolm listened to? The GREAT African American Jazz legends are totally forgotten by you... swept under the rug, put aside. It's a crime that you can't name a singe Jazz Artist from Malcolm's time.
My take on it is that Malcolm X would no more be into Hip Hop than he would today's Rock 'n Roll. The majority of kids who purchase Hip Hop music are White and Middle Class. Malcolm would have cringed to see Snoop Dog selling those wretched "Girls Gone Wild" video tapes. He would have been sickened by all the anti-Women lyrics in Gangsta Rap. Malcolm had nothing but respect for Women, and as a principled revolutionary he NEVER would have put up with all that hate filled sexist garbage.
There is no "Hip Hop" generation. There are people who like the music and people who don't... and that aint got nothing to do with their world view or politics."
Pimpin Malik now for Hip Hoism
HOW LOOOOOOOOW CAN YOU GOOOOOOOOOOOOO
He might have dug a few griots but not this marketing "industry" bs called Hip Hop and the Hip Hop Generated Byproducts. ..and FO SHO the Hip Hop G'z would slag him for not gettin down with the hella sellout. Actually, when you think about it. If Malik were still alive -- we would never have had a need to pimp our music and poetry likes so there would be no Hip Hop. Be careful what you dream about...
Do the Knowledge
You wrote: "IP FLOP
by mozart Saturday May 24, 2003 at 10:05 AM
"There is no doubt, that Malcolm would've been involved with the Hip Hop generation."
Oh really... and why is that? What exactly IS the "Hip Hop generation"? Just another marketing tool I'm afraid. Hip Hop beats are used to sell everything from Toothpaste to Sports Cars. Still... some insist it's a "revolutionary artform." Give me a break.
If you like Hip Hop... fine. But why must their be the type of conformist line that young people today are "the Hip Hop generation"? Many young people DO NOT like or listen to Hip Hop (myself included). Does that make us right wing republicans or reactionary racists? Sorry... Hip Hop is an aesthetic form, and as such it can be used by anyone. Try turning on the Trinity Broadcast Network (TBN), that station run by lunatic right wing so-called Christians. They have Hip Hop "artists" doing beats for Christ!
Hip Hop has been around for more than 25 years now... and it has been co-opted by big capital and anyone else who can sink their claws into it. Do you really think you are going to reclaim it as a form of street express with a revolutionary attitude? Give up... more people know that pathetic pervert Snoop Dog than Paris, and that's the way it is. Find another form that is truly your own.
You say Malcolm X would be into Hip Hop, but are you into the music Malcolm listened to? Capitalism dicates that styles change every few years... a way of maintaining an endless supply of useless products for us to buy. You've fallen for that trap. All you know is Hip Hop... but what about the music Malcolm listened to? The GREAT African American Jazz legends are totally forgotten by you... swept under the rug, put aside. It's a crime that you can't name a singe Jazz Artist from Malcolm's time.
My take on it is that Malcolm X would no more be into Hip Hop than he would today's Rock 'n Roll. The majority of kids who purchase Hip Hop music are White and Middle Class. Malcolm would have cringed to see Snoop Dog selling those wretched "Girls Gone Wild" video tapes. He would have been sickened by all the anti-Women lyrics in Gangsta Rap. Malcolm had nothing but respect for Women, and as a principled revolutionary he NEVER would have put up with all that hate filled sexist garbage.
There is no "Hip Hop" generation. There are people who like the music and people who don't... and that aint got nothing to do with their world view or politics."
hip hop is a fad that has past it's day , it is on a slow slide into no where. and trying to prop it up with Malcolm X is sad. but with the desprate state of the music industry at this time I am sure they will do anythind to keep afloat. even use the name"Malcolm X "
to try to make a sale.
to try to make a sale.
What ever happened to Malcolms I through IX?
Honestly, I don't much like amazing new mainstream hip hop/r&b products. The awful glittering sounds, same old drum machine high hats and electro kicks.
On the radio, that is what's most popular.
So, I don't listen to default genre radio.
I do listen to hip hop; files, records, and college radio.
I also listen to anything and everything, from reggae to bluegrass, from vintage opera to death metal.
Sometimes I turn on the tv.
First I hear about premium car and truck tires, then a woman explains leaking maxi pads to me, this is forgotten while I listen to a jingle and watch burgers with fries spin around the screen.
Bewildered, I go back to the computer and load up some files. First up, a violent MC descibing a planned execution and dismemberment. This flows nicely into a traditional Cajun melody complete with Acadian accordion. Afterwards, I must choose, ancient blues recording or brain pounding gabber techno? Scratch that, I've got complex Arican and Brazilian drumming waiting in another directory. I might wind things up with surf rock. Then, I'll spend hours creating my own take on all the above, and then some.
I might just record dialog from an old black and white movie to mix in. That is where Malcolm X could possibly arrive on the scene.
Sampling can be what you want it to be, sample to see if you like something, a piece of food, a piece of music. To each his/her own.
On the radio, that is what's most popular.
So, I don't listen to default genre radio.
I do listen to hip hop; files, records, and college radio.
I also listen to anything and everything, from reggae to bluegrass, from vintage opera to death metal.
Sometimes I turn on the tv.
First I hear about premium car and truck tires, then a woman explains leaking maxi pads to me, this is forgotten while I listen to a jingle and watch burgers with fries spin around the screen.
Bewildered, I go back to the computer and load up some files. First up, a violent MC descibing a planned execution and dismemberment. This flows nicely into a traditional Cajun melody complete with Acadian accordion. Afterwards, I must choose, ancient blues recording or brain pounding gabber techno? Scratch that, I've got complex Arican and Brazilian drumming waiting in another directory. I might wind things up with surf rock. Then, I'll spend hours creating my own take on all the above, and then some.
I might just record dialog from an old black and white movie to mix in. That is where Malcolm X could possibly arrive on the scene.
Sampling can be what you want it to be, sample to see if you like something, a piece of food, a piece of music. To each his/her own.
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