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DIRTY WAR IN BOLIVAR DEPARTMENT

by ANNCOL (redaccion [at] anncol.com)
"If the people of the US knew what their government was really doing here in Colombia there would be outrage," says a veteran human rights worker from Bolivar department in an exclusive interview with ANNCOL.
08.05.2002 (Alfredo Castro, ANNCOL Colombia) Due to the fact that paramilitary forces in Colombia have assassinated hundreds of human rights workers in recent years this courageous activist's real name cannot be used. Suffice it to say that Gloria has worked in the many regions of Bolivar department over a long period of time and intends to continue trying to do so for the foreseeable future.

ANNCOL: Can you give us a little background first and tell us why there are so many problems in the department and what the main types of human rights abuses are?

Gloria: Well, we have all sorts of abuses in Bolivar including massacres, assassinations, disappearances, rapes and kidnapping. There are also abuses of another sort in that people are illegally evicted from their land and have their homes and possessions taken.

The history of these abuses and the reasons for them are more complicated but I will try and give you a brief background.

For many years most of the regions in the south and centre of Bolivar, which is where I have worked mostly and which is a rural and mountainous region, were to a great extent peaceful places where the civilian population could get on with their lives without fear of any of the things that I just mentioned. There were guerrillas about but they didn't bother anyone and their relationship with local people was always quite good.

Then in the early 1990s the paramilitaries started appearing in certain areas in the south of Bolivar. Many of them had crossed over the river Magdalena from the city of Barrancabermeja where they were working with the military in trying to gain control of the city from the guerrillas who at that time almost controlled the whole place.

By 1999 they were strong enough to launch a full scale offensive into southern Bolivar and from the start this was coordinated with the army. I guess the paramilitaries had about a thousand fighters for the push into Bolivar at this time and this was partly through recruiting poor kids in Barrancabermeja, because unlike the guerrillas who pay no salary to their members the paramilitaries pay a lot of money if you join them, but also because they were keen to prevent the establishment of a peace talks zone for the ELN in the south which was being talked about at that time.

Anyway when it started it was awful. The paramilitaries first went into the region around San Pablo and Simiti where they and the army killed hundreds of people, burnt down homes and forced thousands to leave. They said that everybody was a guerrilla and if you complained you were shot.

This carried on throughout 2000 and they moved into more and more communities. The advance was a shock to everyone as although the guerrillas did try to fight them off the army gave them such a lot of support that the guerrillas were forced to head into the mountains. By 2001 they were all over the south of Bolivar except for in a few communities in the mountains where the guerrillas remain.

Once they had control the paramilitaries did two things. Firstly they set up front organisations like ASOCIPAZ and Movimiento No al Despeja that they used to campaign against the proposed peace zone. People were told that if they didn't participate in anti-peace zone demonstrations then they'd be killed and although the TV showed a lot about the protests they never told the truth about why the people were there.

The other thing that they did was to start pushing the small miners and farmers out of areas that the multinationals wanted. Then those great companies came in and now there are only a few jobs left for miserable wages. Before many families lived here and survived off the land but now the multinationals take all the materials and the profits for themselves so this too forces others to leave. And this is still going on. Just a few weeks ago the army forced hundreds of people to leave a group of communities around Tiquisio.

ANNCOL: I heard you mention Barrancabermeja briefly and I know that the city has suffered from horrendous violations the past couple of years. Can you give a brief update of what has been going on there more recently?

Gloria: Although Barrancabermeja is near to Bolivar it is not actually in this department - it is in neighbouring Santander. I myself have not been in the city recently as it is really very dangerous although I have many colleagues there and know that they have been having problems in recent weeks. Just last month for example the remarkable community leader Manuel Navarro was taken away by the death squads and we have heard nothing from him since.

To give you an idea of the gravity of the crises in Barrancabermeja, last year, in a city of 200,000, around 600 people were assassinated or disappeared and a further 1,400 forced to leave their homes in the city after being threatened and then refused protection by the security forces. It is also, and I believe that this is no coincidence, the most heavily militarised city in Colombia and is home to three army battalions plus a naval base.

Paramilitary death squads, that moved in with help from the army in the early 1990s, circulate openly in Barrancabermeja and work especially closely with the Nueva Grenada Battalion that is based there. They are also able to set up roadblocks and detain people in the city and have several important and well-known bases within the city limits including at Miraflores and Punta del Palo.

For some time now then the human rights situation in the city has been really very bad and to give you just one example of how bad in 1998 paramilitaries and troops from the Grenada Battalion murdered 36 civilians from a poor neighbourhood in just one night whilst other military units and the police did nothing.

Last year after much international pressure the government agreed to send 150 elite Special Forces troops into Barrancabermeja to stop the killings. But they got worse. The new troops simply joined with those already stationed there and the paramilitaries and continued to attack people. In the weeks after the new arrivals CREDHOS, OFP, the Social Solidarity Network and ASFADDES, all of which are good human rights and social organisations were all threatened and harassed and within a few days of the new forces beginning their patrols 20 people were assassinated. The new forces did nothing despite pleas from these people to help and it seems that it was all a propaganda exercise to show that the government was doing something.

More recently, on February 20th this year, paramilitaries, despite the many police and army patrolling the streets, were able to force many residents of one neighbourhood to assemble on a local games field where they were told that the paramilitaries are soon to launch a series of attacks against important social and union leaders in the city. One person named was Francisco Campos the director of CREDHOS which is the most important human rights organisation in the whole region and which has numerous international contacts.

CREDHOS, which has constantly denounced paramilitary crimes against the civilian population and against other NGOs and human rights defenders in Barrancabermeja and the entire region, has already suffered the assassination of seven of its leaders and another 19 of its activists have been forced to leave the area. I fear that with the latest paramilitary announcement we may soon see more bloodshed. And the security forces will do nothing - senior officers of the Neuva Grenada Battalion have also directly threatened CREDHOS workers.

ANNCOL: Earlier you mentioned the relationship of the multinationals to displacement. Can you tell me a little more about the displacement of civilians in general and specifically the connections with the multinationals?

Gloria: We have been really hit hard by forced displacement in Bolivar and although it is extremely difficult to give exact figures because many people move away to live with family in other regions or go to find work in the capital rather than go to the displaced communities where they can be easily counted I can tell you that during every year recently displacement in the department can be counted in the tens of thousands.

There are various ways that the paramilitaries will displace people. Firstly is through fear. Maybe they will come to a community and kill a few people to show that they are serious and then tell the others that they will return in a few days and kill the rest. This obviously forces people to leave and when this happens over and over again in different communities in a region it will in many cases provoke mass fear and subsequent mass displacement.

Another way is that they will prevent supplies of food and medicine from entering certain communities whilst at the same time preventing peasants in those areas from leaving to sell their produce. They also destroy harvests and kill livestock. Essentially what they are doing is starving the communities off their land. Both this phenomenon and the mass fear method were utilized widely in 2000 and 2001 in the south of Bolivar in particular and they continue to be used today in certain regions such as the Cimitarra Valley and in other departments such as Norte de Santander, Choco, Cauca and Valle de Cauca.

ANNCOL: And the relationship that multinational corporations have with the displacement?

Gloria: Yes, as there is lots of gold, oil, marble and other raw materials here in Bolivar the land is obviously very valuable in some places. Before the multinationals can get their hands on what is in the land they need to own the land itself and this becomes very expensive if they have to buy it from all the individual small farming families. It is cheaper, and therefore the end profits for the people in New York, Washington and places like that are greater, to just expel the people from the land and then take it for themselves.

Therefore the paramilitaries force thousands from their land and the multinationals then take possession of it. We have companies from Spain, Canada, the US and Britain among others that have all benefited from this method - the mining companies are probably the worst culprits here although various oil companies also have very bad records.

The fact that the paramilitaries also target the people who represent the communities also benefits the multinationals, as when all the leaders and peasant associations are gone there will be nobody left to represent the people and help them fight for their rights. Then it will be even easier for the multinationals to grab the land, force people to work for low wages, etc.

ANNCOL: You keep mentioning the paramilitaries. Are they responsible for all of the abuses or do the guerrillas also commit human rights violations?

Gloria: I don't know about the rest of the country but where I work in Bolivar over 99% of all the violations are carried out by the paramilitaries, many times working with the army. Most abuses are simply ignored by the press as they do not like to report negatively about the paramilitaries although sometimes they and the authorities will blame the guerrillas if they feel that it is beneficial. However, upon further investigation we find that the accusations are almost always false and were made for propaganda purposes.

There are many examples of this but the one I remember best was in February last year when the paramilitaries massacred seven people in La Cristalina and it was blamed on the ELN. ASOCIPAZ, the paramilitary front group that I mentioned earlier, even put out a press release denouncing the ELN for their violating of human rights yet when human rights groups looked at it closely we found that it had in fact been a paramilitary crime.

What the guerrillas do is kidnap people and that is an attack against people's liberty and I believe it is wrong. Again though in many cases the government will blame the guerrillas for a kidnapping when it isn't actually them. In other cases when the guerrillas take a paramilitary away the authorities will claim that he is a civilian.

In mid-January this year for example the paramilitaries kidnapped a woman from the town of Calamar and the authorities blamed the FARC even though everyone knew it had been the paramilitaries. When six men went looking for her on the paramilitaries got them too and shot them all in the heads and again the authorities blamed the guerrillas. But if you go to Codazzi, or ask one of the human rights groups that document these things, and ask what happened to Carlos Bermejo, Jair Robles Mendez, Luis Sanchez, Deivis Martinez, Ricardo Arias and Julio Yobaldis they will all tell you it was the paramilitaries.

The truth is that the guerrillas obviously target wealthy people for kidnapping as that is who can pay the ransoms but here in Bolivar we don't have that many rich people, we are mainly peasants.

But to answer your question, here in Bolivar, it is the paramilitaries that assassinate people, displace hundreds of families and go into towns and massacre civilians. The people that the guerrillas kidnap come from the small percentage of wealthy people that we have, including drug traffickers. I myself do not know of any cases where the guerrillas have actually massacred civilians in Bolivar.

ANNCOL: Can you explain what the paramilitaries do when they enter a town?

Gloria: Let me tell you about what happened in February 2000 in a small town called El Salado that is in northern part of Bolivar. It will give you an idea of how the paramilitaries operate.

For some days the marines and the army had been patrolling in and around the town and then suddenly one evening they all withdrew. Then, the following morning, I think it was a Friday, the people awoke to find the town surrounded by about 300 paramilitaries who then came down into the central square and rounded up all the residents. The boss then sat at a table and chair in the basketball court that was in the square and began to call out names from a list that he had.

Some people stepped forward but others, who had stayed in their homes out of fear were not present and so some of the paramilitaries went searching for them house to house before dragging them out of their homes to the square. Other paramilitaries ordered restaurants and cafes in the town to bring all their whiskey and rum as well as their radios for music to the square and local musicians were made to play their instruments.

The paramilitaries held a party and then the killing started. People were tortured, killed and raped whilst the paramilitaries were dancing and singing. People were sliced up with machetes, had their throats and stomachs cut open and others were beheaded or strangled with metal wires whilst being tortured.

A young waitress from a café on the square was ordered to serve the liquor and when they became drunk they repeatedly raped her along with various other women. They also took one person into the town church and murdered him in there after having tortured him on the table at the basketball court.

Of course by this time people in other towns in the area had heard what was going on and they went to the army and the police and asked them to intervene. They were ignored and told not to worry as it was only the guerrillas and the paramilitaries fighting high up in the hills. There were police and soldiers only a few miles from the town and they could easily have stopped it but they did nothing.

Later it was agreed to send in human rights workers and relief groups to try and rescue the residents although the police and army set up roadblocks and prevented them from entering the region. They still claimed it was combat between guerrillas and paramilitaries and that they could do nothing.

All day Saturday was the same with people being tortured and killed. Some were shot after being tortured, others were stabbed, beaten or strangled to death and all the time music was playing and the paramilitaries were having a party.

The paramilitaries left on Sunday afternoon by which time they had killed about 50 innocent civilians people including young children and old people.

After the massacre nearly 3,000 residents fled the area, including about 1,500 people from El Salado itself, to camps and shantytowns in the cities. When human rights groups went to talk to witnesses many of the people who spoke to them were later killed or disappeared by the same group of paramilitaries. Now people are too scared to talk about it at all.

What happened in El Salado is typical of their behaviour. They are animals with no respect for human life although if you read the media here you wouldn't know it. El Tiempo, our biggest newspaper here in Colombia, reported on what happened in El Salado. They claimed that local people had invited the paramilitaries to come in and they implied that those killed were guerrillas!

The press here normally ignore paramilitary massacres and I have heard that it is because the families that own all the media, people like the Santos and Santo Domigo families, actually make financial donations to Carlos Castano who is the head of the death squads.

ANNCOL: Do the paramilitaries target everyone or specific people?

Gloria: It is a hard question as they always go for people like community leaders, unionists and human rights activists but they also sometimes seem to kill randomly. On many occasions, like in El Salado, they will come with a list of who to kill but then someone else will catch their eye for whatever reason and they will murder him or her too with apparently no reason.

The paramilitaries claim that their victims are guerrilla supporters but many of the people they kill are really actually apolitical. A lot of people in Bolivar do support the guerrillas, especially the ELN, but they are still civilians and ought to be able to support whom they want. The bottom line is that they themselves are not involved in violence so why should they suffer.

ANNCOL: You keep mentioning the cooperation between the armed forces and the death squads what evidence do you and your colleagues have that shows these links?

Gloria: I have already spoken about the case of Barrancabermeja but let me give you some more specific examples here in Bolivar. First El Salado, which we already talked about, and where the armed forces were deeply involved although in this case it was specifically the marines.

As I said the army and police there refused to intervene during a three day long massacre despite the pleas of local people and relatives of those actually inside the town. To add to this the security forces then prevented humanitarian organisations from entering the area where the massacre was taking place. They claimed all along that in fact what was going on was combat between guerrillas and paramilitaries and that those who were claiming it was a massacre were being coerced by the guerrillas into saying so. In fact they were obviously covering up for the paramilitaries and the whole incident had been planned in advance as the withdrawal of troops from the town the previous day and the subsequent roadblocks demonstrate.

We also know exactly who was responsible for this coordination with the paramilitaries. Firstly is Colonel Harold Mantilla who at the time was commander of the 5th Marine Battalion and who had a base full of troops within an hour of El Salado but who refused to help. And, secondly, Colonel Rodrigo Quinonez Cardenas the commander of the 1st Navy Brigade and who in February 2000 had direct responsibility for defending the area from such attacks.

We know that it was Colonel Quinonez that liased with the paramilitaries yet when a witness was found who was willing to testify the government placed him in a maximum security prison where he was assassinated.

The government know all about this as not only have Colombian human rights organisations told them but international groups too have put pressure on them to punish Colonel Quinonez. Yet what did they do? Four months after the massacre they promoted the Colonel and made him General Rodrigo Quinonez Cardenas in charge of naval aviation in the city of Cartagena, which has aerial responsibility for the whole region.

And General Quinonez can not only be linked to the massacre at El Salado but also to one in Chengue the month before where over 34 innocent civilians were killed when the paramilitaries smashed their heads open with sledgehammers and chopped them up with chainsaws. The paramilitaries decapitated one victim there and played football with his head so as to warn the survivors what would happen to them if they didn't give support to the paramilitaries. Quinonez could have stopped this too but didn't.

There is also evidence that both Human Rights Watch and Amnesty International have brought to the attention of the US and Colombian governments that General Quinonez, whilst based in Barrancabermeja earlier in his carrer, worked closely with local death squads to selectively assassinate 57 individual trade unionists, human rights workers and community activists in that city. Yet he was still promoted over and over again and is currently a serving general.

The second example I want to give you of the cooperation is here in the south of Bolivar, rather than in the north where El Salado is, with what has been going on in the Cimitarra Valley in the past year or so. In this Valley, which is right near the southern border of Bolivar with Antioquia department, there has been a long running series of joint army/death squad operations.

In late 2000 there was a huge increase in paramilitary activity in the Valley and large numbers of people were being displaced from their land. The paramilitaries were targeting especially members of the Cimitarra River Valley Peasant Farmers' Association, who the army have labelled as subversives, and I remember that around the middle of December a big group of paramilitaries raided more than 10 villages in the valley whilst army helicopters, together with a paramilitary helicopter, kept watch for any guerrilla units that might try to intervene.

Soon after this the military bombed 4 villages in the valley killing various civilians and when they had finished the paramilitaries moved into the settlements and made everyone else leave and disappeared those who resisted. The idea was to destroy the civilian support network that both the FARC and the ELN enjoyed in that region.

By the end of the year both the army and the paramilitaries were firmly established in the area and both had checkpoints and bases and were terrorising the people. I remember that on December 30th or 31st they had a joint roadblock at a place known as La Rompida where they tortured and murdered Libardo Taburete for no reason at all.

Then in January the FARC and ELN launched a huge joint attack on the five main paramilitary bases in the Cimitarra Valley and killed hundreds of paramilitaries - the people still talk about it. During the attack an army helicopter came to aid the paramilitaries and we know that the same helicopter had been supplying those bases with food and equipment. We also know that some of the people killed in those camps during the guerrilla attack were regular army troops.

After the fighting had ended the paramilitaries that survived moved to a place known as Cuartro Bocas where the army had a heavy presence and by February 2001 they had a base there under the protection of units of the 4th Brigade of the army. Again the two forces engaged in attacks against both the guerrillas and the civilian population and in late February the military launched heavy bombing in the area that killed and displaced many people.

I can't remember the names of the individual army officers who were coordinating all this but various human rights organisations could give you the information and anyone in the Cimitarra Valley would be able to tell you because those officers are still there and are still doing these kinds of things.

One whose name I do remember is Colonel Juan Bautista of the 45th Battalion of the army who was seen meeting openly with a group of paramilitaries last year in May just before they went into the community of El Paraiso near San Pablo and set fire to 26 homes and displaced 1,500 people.

More recently, in January of this year in the Villanueva region of Bolivar, paramilitaries that were operating out of two nearby military bases and wearing army-issue uniforms assassinated at least six people whilst military spotter planes circled above keeping watch for guerrilla units. It is General Martin Orlando Carreno of the 2nd Division of the army who is responsible for this.

Peasant groups in the area have repeatedly appealed to General Carreno to intervene when there are warnings of death squads approaching and he has always ignored their pleas. And when human rights groups have requested that he order his troops to act against two well known paramilitary bases near the towns of Monterrey and San Blas, which are both in the south of Bolivar, he has also refused us. In fact, those two bases are still there today as we are talking.

And there are many more examples like this and not just here in Bolivar. All over Colombia you can go into towns and see local paramilitaries drinking in bars with the police, living in military bases and manning joint roadblocks with soldiers. I've only told you a little about the areas that I am familiar with in Bolivar and it is just the tip of the ice-burg.

ANNCOL: Why do you think that the armed forces engage in this cooperation?

Gloria: The government knows all about the links between the paramilitaries and the army as not only have Colombian human rights groups told them but people like Human Rights Watch have also said it. The problem is that the paramilitaries are part of a state policy to keep the people down.

For many years a small group of families, we call them the oligarchy, have controlled Colombia and these people are desperate to defend their privileges. They do not want to share any of Colombia's wealth with the Colombian people and as a result of this attitude they have had willing collaboration from the multinationals and in turn the US government. This is why the US gives the military so much aid despite of the human rights abuses - to defend the interests of the multinational corporations.

The main function of the army is to defend the elite and their interests and if that means that they have to work with the death squads then that is a price worth paying so far as the wealthy elite, the multinationals, the military high command and the US government are concerned. Again of course, as I think I mentioned before, the mass media are complicit in this and that is why the fact that the paramilitaries and army are the real violators here is hidden.

ANNCOL: What contact have you had with the government authorities to try and lessen the human rights crises in Bolivar and have they been helpful?

Gloria: For the reasons I have just mentioned the government in general are not interested in defending the human rights of the vast majority of Colombian citizens. Unless they are willing to reform the security forces and put an end to their relationship with the paramilitaries there is very little they can do to improve the situation.

Here in Bolivar in August last year when the International Caravan for Life came to the south of Bolivar to express solidarity with the peasant communities they were threatened not just by paramilitary front organisations like ASOCIPAZ and Movimiento No al Despeja which set up roadblocks near San Pablo to prevent them from visiting the communities and seeing the truth, but also by the local authorities who called them "terrorist guerrilla supporters".

A group of international volunteers who were supported by both the United Nations and the Red Cross and who should have been welcomed by the local mayors and other dignitaries were instead called terrorists by those people!

ANNCOL: Have you ever met with the paramilitaries or the guerrillas to talk about human rights?

Gloria: Human rights workers can never meet with the paramilitaries. They are always trying to kill us and we'd make it too easy for them if we went to them.

The guerrillas are a bit different and most human rights activists have had some contact with them as part of their work. Many of us for example have enquired after kidnap victims and I know that other people have been invited to guerrilla camps to give talks on human rights principles and similar questions. Pastor Alape and Commander Bertulfo, two FARC commanders in this region have both issued invitations for various people to go and talk to them about their human rights concerns although I have no specific information about that.

In the past there was a lot more contact with the guerrillas as they used to be all over the south of Bolivar in particular. They used to call the community together and discuss issues of how to improve living standards and such and they used to have rules about not hitting your wife, not littering and helping older people who lived alone in the communities.

The ELN especially was very involved with many activists through their environmental protection program in the south of Bolivar and although this was mostly environmental and land reform activists the human rights groups also had some input.

Now though, since the army and paramilitaries have come, this has all changed as the guerrillas are up in the mountains and quite far away so there is less contact. The environmental policies are gone too.

ANNCOL: With regards to human rights in the rest of Colombia how bad is the situation compared to Bolivar department?

Gloria: Colombia as a whole certainly has the worst human rights record in the Western hemisphere and easily one of the worst in the world. Last year we had around 75 violent deaths a day nationally and I am sorry to say that in some places in the country the local situation is even worse than here in Bolivar.

I've already mentioned Barrancabermeja which is horrendous although the departments of Antioquia and those on the Pacific coast are suffering enormously too - probably worse than here right now.

The departments to the east of Bolivar too have been having problems. What the paramilitaries are doing in Norte de Santander has been quite well reported on but Magdalena and Cesar departments are also suffering and this is being ignored. Only last month the paramilitaries killed four peasants in the community of Llerasca in in Cesar and in Magdalena there was a massacre of eight people who were all shot outside of a restaurant by the paramilitaries in the town of Aracatac at the beginning of February. None of this was reported on and in Arauca it is even worse and nothing has been said about that yet either.

ANNCOL: Thank-you for taking the time to do this interview. Is there anything else you'd like to add?

Gloria: There are two brief things that I would like to say. One is an appeal and the other an aspiration, though it is an aspiration not just of mine but of the Colombian people too.

Firstly we are in desperate need of international solidarity in Colombia. In the field not just of human rights but also in the trade union movement, the student movement, the land reform and community organisations and all the other popular sectors that the state is trying to destroy. We need people to support our struggles. We need people to come here and see for themselves what is really going on. I believe, that with the US in particular, that if their people knew what their government was really doing here in Colombia that there would be outrage and it would be much more difficult for the US to give our military, and therefore the paramilitaries too, all this military aid. It is aid that is harming the people and only with the support of international solidarity organisations will we be able to put an end to it. Whatever they say in the US government it is simply impossible to believe that more guns, helicopters, bullets and bombs will lead to peace in Colombia.

The aspiration that I have, and that as I said I believe most Colombian's have, is that of peace, but not just peace on its own where there continues to be unemployment, poverty and discrimination. What we want and need is peace with social justice. And that, ultimately, is what we in the popular organisations are all fighting for here in Colombia.




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POR FAVOR: CUENTEN LA VERDAD. ACTUALICEN SUS INFORMACIONES.
A EL CORONEL MANTILLA, LE FUE JURIDICA Y GEOGRAFICAMENTE IMPOSIBLE PRESTAR SU AUXILIO A LOS HABITANTES DE EL SALADO, PORQUE MESES ANTES Y POR ORDENES DE SUS SUPERIORES, LAS TROPAS DEL BATALLON DE FUSILEROS DE INFANTERIA DE MARINA No. 5, FUERON DESPLAZADAS A OTRAS POBLACIONES.
O SEA, NI EL CORONEL MANTILLA, NI SUS TROPAS, SE ENCONTRABAN EN EL CORREGIMIENTO DE EL SALADO CUANDO FUE ATACADO!!!!.
LA PROTECCION DE EL SALADO, Y DE TODO EL MUNICIPIO DEL CARMEN DE BOLIVAR, HABIA SIDO ORDENADA, ENTREGADA, TAMBIEN MESES ANTES, AL BATALLON DE CONTRAGUERRILLAS No. 31.




Señores:
ORGANIZACION INTERECLESIAL JUSTICIA Y PAZ
Bogota, Colombia

REF.: SOLICITUD RECTIFICACION DE INFORMACION

“MASACRE DE EL SALADO: SIN OLVIDO 2007”

En el próximo mes de Febrero, entre los días 16 y 19, se cumplen siete años de la horrorosa “Masacre de El Salado”, en la región de los Montes de Maria, en donde paramilitares mediante actos de terror asesinaron a mas de 58 campesinos, iniciando su recorrido por las veredas de Flor del Monte, Canutal, Canutalito, Bajo Grande, Cielito, y Patibaque, del Municipio de Ovejas (Departamento de Sucre), y posteriormente, en el corregimiento de El Salado en el Municipio del Carmen de Bolívar (Departamento de Bolívar).

La ORGANIZACION INTERECLESIAL JUSTICIA Y PAZ en su articulo “Sin “Olvido 02: La Danza de la Muerte Paramilitar de El Salado”, publicado en Internet el 18 de Febrero de 2003 (y posteriormente en Sin Olvido 46), narra esta masacre describiendo los horrores cometidos, señalando los nombres de algunas de sus victimas, y reprochando entre líneas la actuación de algunos militares, entre ellos, la del suscrito Teniente Coronel de Infantería de Marina (TCCIM), HAROLD MANTILLA SERRANO, Comandante en aquella época del Batallón de Fusileros de Infantería de Marina No. 5 (Bafim5), y actualmente en uso de buen retiro de las Fuerzas Militares (FFMM).

COMENTARIOS QUE PRETENDO ACLARAR, LUEGO DE LO CUAL SOLICITO A LA COMISION INTERECLESIAL JUSTICIA Y PAZ, A SUS ASOCIADOS, ENLACES, BASES O BANCOS DE DATOS; “BORREN”, “DESASOCIEN”, “DESVINCULEN”, MI NOMBRE DE LA MASACRE DE EL SALADO, Y QUE POR LO TANTO, EL CORONEL HAROLD MANTILLA, YA NO SEA MAS MOTIVO DE “CENSURA”, DE LA FORMA Y EN LOS TÉRMINOS EN QUE LO HACE LA ORGANIZACIÓN INTERECLESIAL JUSTICIA Y PAZ, EN SUS ESCRITOS “SIN OLVIDO 02 Y 46: LA DANZA DE LA MUERTE PARAMILITAR DE EL SALADO”, Y/O EN CUALQUIER OTRO ESCRITO, PREVIO O POSTERIOR, DE IGUAL O SIMILAR NATURALEZA.

LO ANTERIOR, POR CUANTO TALES “REPROCHES” CARECEN DE TODO FUNDAMENTO LEGAL O MORAL, SIENDO GRAVES E INJUSTOS, Y POR CUANTO ME HAN GENERADO Y SIGUEN GENERANDO GRAVES E IRREMEDIABLES PERJUICIOS, ESPECIALMENTE RELACIONADOS CON MI VIDA Y MI SEGURIDAD, Y LA VIDA Y SEGURIDAD DE MI FAMILIA, DE MI ESPOSA Y DE MIS TRES HIJOS TODOS MENORES DE EDAD; Y FUNDAMENTALMENTE PORQUE YA EXISTEN EN ESTE PRECISO MOMENTO, FALLOS PENALES Y DISCIPLINARIOS, PÚBLICOS Y EJECUTORIADOS, QUE SALVAGUARDAN MI HONOR Y MI NOMBRE, Y QUE SEÑALAN LOS NOMBRES DE LOS VERDADEROS RESPONSABLES, SENTENCIADOS, ENCARCELADOS, O DESTITUIDOS DE SUS CARGOS.

Debo manifestar que no es mi intención criticar o generar controversias. Solo me anima el deseo de JUSTICIA, RECTIFICACION, y REPARACION , aclarando los hechos y suministrando información que en aquella época seguramente era desconocida, recogida en las pruebas y en diferentes diligencias judiciales obtenidas durante mas de cinco años de investigaciones, adelantadas por los mas altos Tribunales Defensores de los Derechos Humanos y del Derecho Internacional Humanitario, en Colombia, de reconocido prestigio nacional e Internacional.

I. DE LAS INFORMACIONES QUE ME CENSURAN

La ORGANIZACION INTERECLESIAL JUSTICIA Y PAZ en su articulo “Sin “Olvido 02: La Danza de la Muerte Paramilitar de El Salado”, durante su relato, básicamente, me reprocha:

1) Una supuesta “aquiescencia y complicidad de las tropas del Bafim5, las cuales nunca llegaron a El Salado a pesar de los retenes de tipo paramilitar; y,

2) La información de prensa que el suscrito suministro señalando que los muertos eran el “resultado de combates entre la guerrilla y los paramilitares... mientras que la Personería Municipal de Ovejas afirmaba que se trataba de una masacre de paramilitares”.
PRIMERO:

Las Tropas del Bafim5, nunca llegaron porque les era
jurídica, material y geográficamente imposible hacerlo

A) Desde meses antes, por ordenes especificas de mis Superiores, las tropas del Bafim5, habían sido re-ubicadas en otros Municipios amenazados por la subversión y las autodefensas (como en las poblaciones de Córdoba y Zambrano, en Bolívar).

B) El corregimiento de El Salado (y toda el área del Municipio del Carmen de Bolívar), le fue descontado, sacado, quitado de la competencia militar y territorial al Bafim5; y le fue entregado, encargado, encomendado, militar y territorialmente al Bacim31.

C) En consecuencia, el corregimiento de El Salado, y toda el área del Municipio del Carmen de Bolívar, estaban bajo la protección y eran de la competencia territorial, del Batallón de Contraguerrillas No. 31 (Bacim31), y no del Bafim5.

D) Por lo anterior, respecto del Comandante del Bacim31, era que emergían los deberes de protección de los pobladores de los corregimientos que componen el Municipio del Carmen de Bolívar, en el Departamento de Bolívar (y de los corregimientos que componen los municipios de Chalán, Ovejas y Coloso, en el Departamento de Sucre); antes, durante y después de la masacre de El Salado; por encontrarse esa unidad militar allí, haciendo presencia y a cargo de todo lo relacionado con el Orden Publico, en coordinación con las autoridades de Policía, específicamente con el Tercer Distrito de Policía del Carmen de Bolívar.

E) Al respecto, concluyó la Procuraduría General de la Nación, en Fallo, Paginas 46 y 47 (Subrayado y negrilla nuestro): “… Conforme con el anterior contexto se tiene que por disposición del Comando de Brigada, el Batallón de Fusileros de Infantería de Marina número 5, en los meses anteriores a los acontecimientos estuvo comprometido en el adelantamiento de operaciones contra los grupos subversivos y, por tanto, fue ordenada una reubicación de sus tropas por la critica situación de orden publico que imperaba en la región de los Montes de Maria, descontándole temporalmente del ámbito de su competencia la zona correspondiente al municipio de El Carmen de Bolívar, en donde se fijo el puesto de mando del Batallón de Contraguerrillas No. 31, por tanto le correspondía a esta Unidad militar desarrollar las operaciones militares y las actividades de inteligencia”.

SEGUNDO:

El Coronel Mantilla, como vocero de la Primera Brigada de Infantería de Marina, en comunicados de prensa, suministra las informaciones
de que tenia conocimiento la Armada

Se debe tener CLARO:

a) Inicialmente las informaciones que TODOS tenían, la Policía, el DAS, la Armada, era sobre enfrentamientos entre la guerrilla y los paramilitares (Ver algunos informes de autoridades de la región). Incluso así se haya registrado hoy, por la Presidencia de la Republica en su articulo del 2006: “Panorama de Sucre”, en el cual se informa sobre los enfrentamientos iniciales entre la subversión y los paramilitares, y la masacre subsiguiente. (http://www.derechoshumanos.gov.co/observatorio/04_publicaciones/sucre.pdf).

No obstante, además de las primeras informaciones sobre enfrentamientos iniciales entre la subversión y las autodefensas (lo que también se verifico luego de que la Fiscalia hiciera el levantamiento de algunos cadáveres que vestían prendas de uso militar); lo que constituiría la verdadera tragedia de El Salado, era la subsiguiente masacre que los paramilitares desarrollaron en la ruta del terror durante la cual asesinaron con actos crueles a mas de 58 labriegos, humildes campesinos indefensos, hombres, mujeres y niños, habitantes de las veredas de los Montes de Maria.

b) El suscrito Coronel Mantilla, como vocero de prensa de la Primera Brigada de Infantería de Marina, transmitió las informaciones que inicialmente le eran suministradas por los Mandos Superiores (Fuerza Naval del Atlántico -FNA-, Primera Brigada de Infantería de Marina –BRIM1-, y por el Batallón de Contraguerrillas No.31 (Bacim31), presente en el Área.

La información especifica sobre “retenes de tipo paramilitar”, era conocida y estaba siendo manejada entre JONA en Bogota; y CFNA en Cartagena; con CBRIM1, en Sincelejo. Cablegrama No.161750R (16, 17:50 p.m.) de 02/2000; Cablegrama No. 161950 (16, 19:50), de 02/2000; y Cablegrama 161745 (16, 17:45 p.m.), de 02/2000.

c) Posteriormente, cuando las tropas del Batallón de Contraguerrillas (Bacim31), con jurisdicción territorial en el Municipio del Carmen de Bolívar, se desplazan y llegan a las veredas atacadas por los paramilitares el 18 de Febrero del 2000 (Ovejas, El Palmar, La Pena, Flor del Monte), se confirma la masacre.

d) El suscrito TCCIM Harold Mantilla, contrario a lo manifestado por la Organización JUSTICIA Y PAZ, es precisamente quien confirma a la Personería de Ovejas, a la Dra. Angélica Maria Cruz Dajer, que no se trataba de enfrentamientos, si no de una masacre. Así lo afirma esta funcionaria en declaración jurada a los Fiscales de la Unidad Nacional de Derechos Humanos, expediente 155-51867-01, Cuaderno Uno, Folio 195. : “...vía telefónica (celular) hable con el Coronel MANTILLA el 18 de Febrero, donde el pues nos da un informe de la situación y nos aclaraba lo sucedido, que no hubo enfrentamientos sino una masacre con arma blanca y que ellos estaban haciendo lo propio ...”

e) A manera de ilustración me permito relacionar documentos en los que algunas autoridades de la región también informaron, como el suscrito, sobre “enfrentamientos entre la subversión y los paramilitares”. Entonces, porque criticar específicamente al Coronel Mantilla, si todo el mundo manejaba la misma información? Será porque fui el único que dio la cara? ... O porque era la cara “visible?”

Todos contienen informes sobre “enfrentamientos entre la guerrilla y las autodefensas”: a) Oficio No. 0483, CINTE, Febrero 18 del 2000 (2:27 p.m.). DE: Departamento Administrativo de Seguridad DAS, Seccional Sucre. AL: Comandante Primera Brigada de Infantería de Marina (CBRIM1). Información de Inteligencia recolectada por la Seccional. b) Radiograma De: JEM-BRIM1 (Jefe Estado Mayor – Primera Brigada de Infantería de Marina). ACC: CFNA (Comandante Fuerza Naval del Atlántico. INFO: CIMAR (Comando Infantería de Marina – JONA (Jefe Operaciones Navales Armada Nacional. c) Defensoria del Pueblo, Regional Sincelejo. Oficio 00298, del 21 de Febrero del 2000. Del Secretario General Nelson Caicedo Rodríguez, a la Dirección de Atención y Tramite de quejas Defensoria del Pueblo, Bogota. d) Defensoria del Pueblo, Regional de Bolívar. d) Oficio DPBRD-5003-0354, 24 de Febrero de 2000, de Cartagena. De Muriel Eugenia Pérez al Defensor del Pueblo, en la Capital, José Fernando Castro Caicedo; e) Defensoria del Pueblo, regional Bolívar. Oficio DPRB 5003-0373, del 28 de Febrero de 2000, de Muriel Eugenia Pérez al Director Nacional de Atención y Tramite de Quejas, Defensoria del Pueblo, Bogota.

De igual manera así lo manifestaron las FARC (Reporte interceptado, del “S” alias MARTIN CABALLERO, cabecilla del 37 frente de las FARC, sobre enfrentamientos contra las autodefensas en El Salado, La Sierra, Canutal, Canutalito. Monitoria M143A-M, captada el 19 de Febrero de 2000 a las 1730R); y las AUC (en Carta abierta del 23 de Febrero de 2000, al Director del CTI, Bogota).

II. DEL PERJUICIO

a) La Carta Política de Colombia, en su articulo 15, consagra como Derecho Constitucional Fundamental, el buen nombre: “Todas las personas tienen derecho a su intimidad personal y familiar y a su buen nombre, y el Estado debe respetarlos y hacerlos respetar.” (Negrilla fuera del texto).

b) A su turno, la Corte Constitucional ha definido el Derecho al buen nombre, como la Reputación que acerca de una persona tienen los demás miembros de la sociedad en el medio en el cual se desenvuelve. El buen nombre es un derecho típicamente proyectivo, que supone la constante valoración a través del tiempo de la conducta del individuo, a partir de las acciones realizadas en su esfera de convivencia”. Y Continua el Alto Tribunal: “Por consiguiente, el derecho al buen nombre, es una valoración individual y colectiva que tiene su origen en todos los actos y hechos que una persona realice, para que a través de ellos, la comunidad realice un juicio de valor sobre su comportamiento”. (Sentencia SU-056 de 1.995, MP Antonio Barrera Carbonell, Citada en Sentencia T-787/04, MP Rodrigo Escobar Gil). (Negrilla fuera del texto). Y agrega la Honorable Corte Constitucional que, en el anterior orden de ideas, el citado Derecho es vulnerado cuando: ‘Sin justificación ni causa cierta y real, es decir, sin fundamento, ser propagan entre el publico -bien en forma directa y personal, ya a través de los medios de comunicación (…) –informaciones falsas o erróneas o especies que distorsionan el concepto publico que se tiene del individuo y que, por lo tanto, tienden a socavar el prestigio y la confianza de los que disfruta en el entorno social en cuyo medio actúa, o cuando en cualquier forma se manipula la opinión general para desdibujar su imagen” El Derecho al buen nombre, es, en consecuencia, un Derecho proyectivo y de valor, que hace relación al buen comportamiento (a la conducta intachable, a la “buena imagen” ante la sociedad), y, al reconocimiento social hacia ese comportamiento; que se entiende que es violado cuando se propagan entre el publico, sin justificación ni causa cierta y real, informaciones falsas o erróneas, que socavan el prestigio y la confianza de que se disfruta en el entrono social, cuando de cualquier manera se manipula la opinión general para desdibujar su imagen.

c) El suscrito Teniente Coronel ® HAROLD A. MANTILLA SERRANO, se desempeñó como Oficial del Cuerpo de Infantería de Marina de la Armada Nacional durante mas de 23 anos de Servicio, tiempo durante el cual desarrolle una Carrera militar y personal sobresaliente, habiendo sido honrado por parte de las autoridades civiles y militares, del Gobierno Local y Nacional, mediante el reconocimiento y la imposición de las mas altas Condecoraciones, y Distintivos, otorgados a Oficiales de Infantería de Marina, por Actos de Valor, y por las Virtudes Militares y Profesionales de Carácter Excepcional, por el restablecimiento y mantenimiento del Orden Publico de la jurisdicción encomendada, y por mi liderazgo, entrega y por el apoyo prestado a las comunidades para su bienestar, protección y seguridad, y para la salvaguarda de sus derechos humanos, y del derecho internacional humanitario. Adicionalmente durante mis 23 anos de servicio, no fui objeto de ninguna sanción, careciendo el suscrito de antecedentes penales, administrativos, civiles o disciplinarios. Permaneciendo incólume su buen nombre, honra, moral y prestigio, durante mi ejercicio como Funcionario Publico, o, en mi vida Particular.

d) El Comunicado “SIN OLVIDO: 46. La Danza de la Muerte Paramilitar de El Salado”, ha propagado públicamente informaciones erróneas, que distorsionan mi buen nombre y socavan el prestigio y la confianza publica de que me hice merecedor durante mi carrera militar, manipulando la opinión general y desdibujando mi imagen recta y pulcra, dañando mi reputación, como persona y como militar, forjada durante mas de 23 anos de Servicio. Constituye, además, un ataque directo, grave, injusto, e irremediable, en contra de mi honra y dignidad, alterando mi paz y tranquilidad y la de mi familia.

e) El articulo “SIN OLVIDO: 46. La Danza Paramilitar de El Salado”, fue publicado y actualmente se encuentra en la pagina Web de la Comisión Intereclesial Justicia y Paz http: //http://www.justiciaypazcolombia.org (justiciaypaz @andinet.com); y en otras Paginas Web a las que les fue enviado como “Comunicado”, tales como el articulo de Prensa No. 456 del Colegio de Abogados José Alvear (http://www.colectivodeabogados.org), Indymedia (http://www.colombia.indymedia.org), Acompaz (http://www.acompaz.org), Equipo Nizkor, Human Rights Wach. Además aparece en otras paginas Web, tales como so02 o em, de el Servidor es.geocities.com..

f) El articulo “SIN OLVIDO: 46. La Danza Paramilitar de El Salado”, está almacenado en: A) En el Banco de Datos de Derecho Humanos y Violencia Política, Centro de Investigaciones y Educación Popular (Cinep & Justicia y Paz), y B) En su Base de Datos de la Revista “Noche y Niebla”.

g) Tanto la Pagina Web de la COMISION INTERECLESIAL JUSTICIA Y PAZ, como su BASE y su BANCO de DATOS, son consultados por las Organizaciones Gubernamentales y No Gubernamentales, e Instituciones Nacionales e Internacionales, dedicados a Promoción, defensa y protección de los Derechos Humanos y del Derecho Internacional Humanitario; tales como la Oficina del Alto Comisionado de las Naciones Unidas en Colombia, Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos, Comisión Interamericana de Derechos Humanos, Equipo Nizkor, Organización Mundial contra la tortura, Amnistía Internacional, Human Rigthts Watch, Centro de Derechos Humanos de Nuremberg, Memoria Resistencia y Esperanza –Rene García-, Proyecto Colombia Nunca Mas, Brigadas Intencionales de Paz, Coordinación Colombia, Europa, Estados Unidos; Boletín Actualidad Colombiana, Coalición Contra la Tortura, Desaparecidos, Cronicon, Daikona, etc.;.


III. DE LA NECESIDAD DE JUSTICIA Y RECTIFICACION

a) Entiendo que en el año 2003, en el articulo “Sin Olvido 02: La danza de la muerte paramilitar de El Salado”: se haya censurado de diversas formas el nombre del TCCIM Harold Mantilla. Entiendo ya que existía mucha información de carácter legal y judicial, de naturaleza RESERVADA.

Duros reproches que, – en esos momentos -, (y durante el tiempo en que se desarrollaron las investigaciones penales y disciplinarias de carácter reservadas), en principio, tal vez no parecían “injustos”, por varias razones, pero especialmente porque por tradición y por la ubicación del Bafim5, se “suponía” que eran sus tropas, junto con las Unidades de la Policía de Bolívar, los encargados de la protección del Municipio del Carmen de Bolívar en donde se encuentra el Corregimiento de El Salado. Adicionalmente, porque en ese momento no era de publico conocimiento (por el carácter reservado de las operaciones militares), sobre las ordenes de re-ubicación de las Tropas del Bafim5, esto es, el desplazamiento, meses antes, de sus soldados a otros Municipios amenazados por las autodefensas (Como Córdoba, en Bolívar), de acuerdo con ordenes especificas que recibió el TCCIM Mantilla de los Mandos Superiores, y según las cuales la competencia geográfica y la protección del Municipio del Carmen de Bolívar, y por ende del corregimiento de El Salado le había sido entregada meses antes, al Batallón de Contraguerrillas No. 31 (Bacim31), al Mando del Teniente Coronel de Infantería de Marina Jorge Castañeda.

b) Sin embargo, hoy, 7 años después, a la luz de la historia, declarado el suscrito inocente, con apoyo en las pruebas, y establecidos los verdaderos autores y sus cómplices; las censuras hechas en el articulo “Sin Olvido 02 y 46” (La danza de la muerte paramilitar de El Salado); a la conducta del TCCIM Harold Mantilla, y de sus Tropas del Bafim5, difundidas mundialmente por el sistema de redes de Internet, resultan equivocadas e injustas, siendo urgente su reparación.

c) Ruego entonces, por favor desvincular, desasociar o remover mi nombre, TCCIM ® Harold Mantilla Serrano, del relato, y/o de la forma en que ha sido relacionado en el articulo Sin Olvido 02 y 46, y de sus Bancos y Bases de Datos, donde se reprocha mi actuación y la de mis tropas (Bafim5), durante la horrorosa masacre paramilitar de El Salado. Reparación en similar forma de la que el articulo Sin Olvido 02 (y 46), fueran publicados y difundidos mundialmente mediante el Sistema de Redes, enlaces, vínculos, links, etc., en el Internet. Ad – portas de cumplirse 7 años de la masacre de El Salado, es el momento de reparar la historia, de re-contarla, de honrar la memoria de los caídos a la luz de hechos y de las pruebas que tal vez en aquella época eran desconocidas, o estaban prisioneras en la reserva de los sumarios; pero que hoy se encuentran a la espera, en expedientes disciplinarios y penales, llenos de testimonios, declaraciones, y de indagatorias; alimentados con los relatos de familiares de las victimas, y de sus victimarios, de testigos, de filántropos y defensores de los derechos. Pruebas repletas de información, de detalles, que permitirían hacer un honroso reconocimiento a la memoria de quienes cayeron victimas de los paramilitares.

d) Por mi parte, deseo humildemente que con el mismo rigor y vehemencia que anima a las Organizaciones como Justicia y Paz, a la defensa de los Derechos Humanos de mis compatriotas victimas de la violencia paramilitar y subversiva; que con igual recelo motive mi defensa y la de otras “victimas silenciosas”, como mi familia, que huyendo de las amenazas de muerte de estos protagonistas de la violencia en Colombia, vemos colocadas nuestras vidas, en un riesgo aun mayor, por los graves e injustos reproches que lastiman la honra y el buen nombre del esposo y padre, y, por ende, de toda su familia. En nuestro exilio forzado, peligrando nuestras vidas, no queremos, además, seguir cargando con el peso grave e injusto del desprestigio. Hoy, la Verdad, la Justicia y la Reparación es un Derecho para los habitantes de El Salado, y para todos aquellos que de una u otra forma hemos sido victimas de estos horrendos crímenes. Descanso, en momentos en que ya la justicia se ha pronunciado específicamente sobre mi inocencia, y cuando existen fallos penales y disciplinarios ejecutoriados, que señalan responsables.

HOY, LA VERDAD, LA JUSTICIA Y LA REPARACIÓN ES UN DERECHO PARA LOS HABITANTES DE EL SALADO, Y PARA TODOS AQUELLOS QUE DE UNA U OTRA FORMA HEMOS SIDO VICTIMAS DE ESTOS HORRENDOS CRÍMENES. EN SU MEMORIA, DESDE SU MEMORIA, LA JUSTICIA. SINCERAMENTE, TCCIM ® HAROLD A. MANTILLA SERRANO (RECIBIRÉ CORRESPONDENCIA EN EL CORREO ELECTRÓNICO HAROLDMANTILLA [at] HOTMAIL.COM).


COMPLEMENTO:

Es importante advertir que al suscrito Coronel Mantilla NUNCA LE FUERON FORMULADOS CARGOS POR PRESUMIRSE SU PARTICIPACION O HABER SIDO COMPLICE DE LA MASACRE DE EL SALADO. La Investigación disciplinaria que se le adelanto, hizo relación a determinar cuales labores de inteligencia se habían desarrollado, previas a la masacre, esto es, a las labores encaminadas a conseguir información.

“… Es preciso resaltar que a este Oficial le fue imputado reproche disciplinario por la ausencia de actividades encaminadas a obtener información de inteligencia sobre posibles lugares por donde ingresarían las Autodefensas o en donde acometerían acciones bélicas, mas no por la masacre misma, pues conforme con lo establecido en la investigación y lo expuesto en el pliego de cargos, al momento de la incursión armada este oficial tenia todas sus tropas comprometidas en otras operaciones militares, por lo tanto no pudo reaccionar en forma inmediata en contra de las Autodefensas”.

“…En la etapa de descargos se aportaron documentos que concatenados con los obtenidos dentro de la investigación demuestran cabalmente que este oficial superior ordeno la realización de labores de inteligencia sobre los denominados agentes generadores de violencia, bien grupos subversivos, o de Autodefensas”. “Se cuenta en el proceso con elementos de juicio que acreditan las actividades del Comandante de la Unidad Militar en tal sentido.”


Paralelamente, nada se ha escrito acerca de quienes han sido hallados disciplinaria (2) , y penalmente (3) , responsables, ni de la forma de su participación. Nadie recoge los testimonios de las victimas, ni nadie trae a la palestra a los verdaderos verdugos, los nombres de los autores materiales de tan horrorosos hechos, y quienes han sido ya juzgados, sentenciados y encarcelados, o destituidos de sus cargos.

Tampoco se haya registrado que fue precisamente el suscrito, el TCCIM Harold Mantilla Serrano, quien de manera inmediata ordenó la investigación Disciplinaria ante el Juzgado 141 Penal Militar, para establecer la posible responsabilidad de personal militar en los hechos de la masacre de El Salado (Investigación asumida mas tarde por la Procuraduría General a quien se remitieron todas las diligencias adelantadas); como tampoco, que fue precisamente el suscrito, TCCIM Harold Mantilla, quien personalmente instauró denuncia y solicito ante la Fiscalia General de la Nación la investigación Penal por la masacre de El Salado, acusando directamente de su autoría a los paramilitares (4) . Tampoco se ha escrito que fueron mis tropas del Bafim5, días después -luego de que mis Superiores ordenaron mi regreso al área-, en medio de intensos combates, las que lograron capturar a paramilitares que habían participado en la masacre de El Salado, los cuales fueron entregados personalmente por el TCCIM Harold Mantilla, a la Dra. Yolanda Paternina Negrete, Fiscal Especializada de Sincelejo (Sucre) (5) , amiga personal con quien trabaje intensamente, y que también cayera victima de las balas de los paramilitares tres años mas tarde, el Miércoles 23 de Agosto de 2003. Estos paramilitares que capture fueron investigados, sentenciados y condenados a mas de 30 años de prisión.

Podría escribir infinitamente acerca de mis virtudes como militar, de mis medallas por el valor y arrojo en la defensa de los derechos humanos, o de los reconocimientos que me dieran humildes comunidades donde trabaje, de mi impecable hoja de vida sin antecedentes penales o disciplinarios, o de la labor comunitaria que otrora desarrollara en los Montes de Maria. Podría escribir de mi deseo de solicitar mi retiro de las FFMM para dedicarme a mi hogar, a mi esposa y a mis hijos. Podría escribir sobre los horrores de la guerra que vivimos, podría dedicar cientos de paginas relatando tantas tragedias, tantas ignominias que sufren día a día los mas pobres en mi país. Podría hacer relatos incontables de la violencia y la injusticia. Sin embargo, huyendo de la muerte como ahora me encuentro (6) , lo único que deseo con este escrito, muy humildemente, es re-contar un poco la historia para honrar la memoria de quienes murieron en El Salado, y poder encontrar finalmente para mi, como una más de sus victimas, reparación y descanso.


PIES DE PAGINA:

(2) La UNIDAD NACIONAL ESPECIALIZADA EN LA DEFENSA DE LOS DERECHOS HUMANOS de la PROCURADURA GENERAL DE LA NACION, luego de adelantada la investigación de la masacre de El Salado, RESUELVE en fallo proferido el 23 de Diciembre de 2004, SANCIONAR a los Oficiales, Coronel CARLOS ALBERTO SANCHEZ GARCIA, como autor responsable de la falta grave establecida en el numeral 39 del art. 59 de la Ley 836 de 2003; y sancionar con separación absoluta de las Fuerzas Militares e Inhabilidad General por el termino de 10 anos, al Capitán de Corbeta HECTOR MARTIN PITA VASQUEZ, quien actuaba como Comandante del la Compañía Orca del Batallón de Contraguerrillas No. 31, de la Infantería de Marina de la Armada Nacional, como autor responsable de la falta gravísima dolosa establecida en el numeral 14, del art. 58 de la Ley 836 de 2003, cometida en las circunstancias de tiempo, modo, lugar descritas y con base en los fundamentos expuestos en el fallo.

(3) La Fiscalía General de la Nación impuso medida de aseguramiento de detención preventiva contra 16 personas. Por su vinculación a los hechos libra la orden de captura contra Carlos Castaño Gil, líder de los grupos de autodefensa. En marzo de 2001 se profirió resolución de acusación contra las 16 personas involucradas, como coautores por pertenencia a grupos de justicia privada en concurso heterogéneo y sucesivo con homicidio agravado. Son condenados a 40 años de prisión: Marco Antonio Villa, Manuel Salvador Escorcia, Eliécer de Jesús Hernández, Edgardo Hernández Muñoz, Javier Alonso Hernández, Sofranor Hernández, Eliécer Augusto Guau, Hélmer José Lobato, Sócrates Antonio León, Álvaro Javier Escorcia y Rodolfo Domingo Ezequiel Salcedo. Condenados a 34 años de cárcel: Luis Alberto Flórez y Antonio Neira. Condenado a 30 años de prisión: Pascual Manuel Villadiego. Llamados a juicio: Carlos Castaño Gil, John Jairo Esquivel Cuadrado, Salvatore Mancuso Gómez y 2 miembros de la Infantería de Marina.

(4) Mediante Oficio No. 0179-CBAFIM5-AJ-746, del 21 de Febrero de 2000, instaure denuncia Penal para ante el Dr. HERNAN ENRIQUE DAZA MAYA, Director Seccional de Fiscalias de Sincelejo, Sucre; por los hechos ocurridos entre los días 17 y 18 de Febrero del 2000, en contra de las Autodefensas al mando de SANTANDER LOZADA, CHEPE BARRERA, RODRIGO MENDEZ PELUFO, SALVATORE MANCUSO (alias “el mono”), y N.N. (Alias “El Gordo”), entre otros.

(5) Mediante Oficio No. 0219-S2-BAFIM5-259, de Febrero 28 de 2000, coloque a disposición de la Doctora YOLANDA PATERNINA NEGRETE, Jefe Unidad Especializada de Fiscaliza, Sincelejo, Sucre; a prevención, a cuatro (04), paramilitares (LUIS ALBERTO FLOREZ RIVERA, con C.C. 78’766.441, de Tierra Alta, Córdoba; ALBEIRO ANTONIO RODRIGUEZ, C.C. No. 11’001.895 de Montería, Córdoba; MIJAIS ANTONIO NEIRO PACHECO, con C.C. No. 15’612.809 de Tierra Alta, Córdoba; y PASCUAL MANUEL VILLADIEGO HERNANDEZ, con C.C. No. 15’676.171 de Planeta Rica, Córdoba); quienes portaban 03 Fusiles AK 47, una (01) ametralladora .30, y un (01) Fusil Lanzagranadas M-79, y munición para los mismos, y vestían prendas de uso privativo de las Fuerzas Militares; vinculados como autores materiales de la masacre de El Salado, y quienes fueron capturados en el corregimiento de La Sierra, del Municipio de Córdoba (Departamento de Bolívar), por las Tropas del Batallón de Fusileros de infantería de Marina No. 5, bajo mando del sucrito, Teniente Coronel HAROLD MANTILLA, durante enfrentamiento armado.

(6) Por recomendación directa del Reverendo A. S, salí de Colombia el día 29 de Diciembre del año 2000, con mi esposa Mary, en aquella época en estado de embarazo, y mis dos hijos, Nicole Vanessa de 4 anos y Harold Eduardo de 3 anos de edad; POR ENCONTRARME AMENAZADO DE MUERTE, por las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia -Ejercito del Pueblo- (FARC), Frentes XXXV y XXXVII, quienes me declararon objetivo militar, especialmente por mi liderazgo y labor Comunitaria en pro del bienestar de la población civil, y por mi dedicación al control del orden publico y la seguridad de la región; existiendo la orden de ser perseguido, capturado y quemado vivo.





by harold mantillla
Gentlemen:
RE: INTER-ECCLESIASTIC JUSTICE AND PEACE ORGANIZATION
Bogotá, Colombia


RE: INFORMATION AMENDMENT REQUEST APPLICATION


Next February 16 thru the 19th, it has been seven years since the hideous “El Salado [The Salted] Massacre,” in the region of Los Montes de María [María's Mountains] where paramilitary by means of terror acts murdered more than 58 peasants, beginning their journey at trails Flor del Monte [Mount Flower], Canutal, Canutalito, Bajo Grande [Under Big], Cielito [Little Sky], and Patibaque at the Municipality of Ovejas [Sheep], (State of Sucre), and later at El Salado jurisdiction in the Municipality Del Carmen de Bolívar (State of Bolívar).

The INTER-ECCLESIASTIC JUSTICE AND PEACE ORGANIZATION in their article "Forgetfulness 2007: The Paramilitary Death Dance of El Salado [The Salted],” published in Internet on February 18, 2003 (and later on, in Forgetfulness 46), narrates this massacre describing the horrors done, pointing out some of the victim’s names, and between lines reproaching the performance of some military personnel, among them, undersigned Lieutenant Colonel of Marine Corps Infantry (TCCIM), HAROLD MANTILLA SERRANO, at that time Major of the Marine Corps Infantry Battalion of Fusiliers No. 5 (Bafim5), and at the present time enjoying his Military Forces (FFMM) retirement.

COMMENTS WHICH I PRETEND TO CLARIFY AND REQUEST TO THE INTER-ECCLESIASTIC JUSTICE AND PEACE COMMISSION, ITS ASSOCIATES, CONNECTIONS, DATA BASES OR BANKS; TO "ERASE,” "DISSOCIATE,” "DETACH" MY NAME FROM THE EL SALADO [The Salted] MASSACRE, WHEREAS, COLONEL HAROLD MANTILLA WILL NO LONGER BE THE REASON OF “CENSORSHIP” IN THE SAME WAY AND TERMS AS THE INTER-ECCLESIASTIC JUSTICE AND PEACE ORGANIZATION USES IN ITS WRITINGS "FORGETFULNESS 02 AND 46: THE PARAMILITARY DEATH DANCE OF EL SALADO,” AND/OR ANY OTHER PREVIOUS OR LATER, SAME OR SIMILAR RELATED WRITINGS.

THE ABOVE-MENTIONED, WHEREAS THOSE "REPROACHES" LACK ALL LEGAL OR MORAL BASES, BEING SERIOUS AND UNJUST, AND FURTHERMORE HAVE GENERATED AND CONTINUE GENERATING SERIOUS AND HOPELESS DAMAGES, SPECIALLY RELATED TO MY LIFE AND SECURITY, AND THE LIFE AND SECURITY OF MY FAMILY, MY WIFE AND MY THREE YOUNG CHILDREN. BASICALLY, CURRENTLY, THERE ARE ALREADY PENAL AND DISCIPLINARY JUDGEMENTS, PUBLISHED AND EXECUTED WHICH SAFEGUARD MY HONOR AND NAME, AND POINTS OUT THE NAMES OF THOSE REALLY RESPONSIBLE, SENTENCED, IMPRISONED, OR DEPRIVED OF THEIR JOBS.

I should state that it is not my intention to criticize or generate controversies, it is only the desire feeling for JUSTICE, AMENDMENT, and REPAIR by clarifying the facts and supplying information which surely were ignored at that time; the proofs gathered and the different judicial diligences obtained during the five or more years of investigations by those at the high Human Rights Defenders Courts and the Humanitarian International Right, in Colombia, organizations of national and International recognition and prestige.

I. INFORMATION ON MY CENSORSHIP FACTS

The INTER-ECCLESIASTIC JUSTICE AND PEACE ORGANIZATION, in their article "Forgetfulness 2007: The Paramilitary Death Dance of El Salado [The Salted],” in their story, basically, reproaches me:

1) A supposed "acquiescence and complicity of the Bafim5 troops [Marine Corps Infantry Battalion of Fusiliers No. 5], who never arrived to El Salado, in spite of paramilitary type checkpoints; and,

2) The press release in which undersigned pointed out that the dead were the "result of combats between the guerrilla and the paramilitary... while the Municipal Legal Representative Office of Ovejas [Sheep] affirmed that it was a paramilitary massacre."







FIRST:


The Bafim5 Troops [Marine Corps Infantry Battalion of Fusiliers No. 5],
never arrived because it was legal, material and geographically impossible to do it



A) Months prior, by specific order from my Superiors, Bafim5 troops [Marine Corps Infantry Battalion of Fusiliers No. 5], had been relocated to other Municipalities threatened by subversives and self-defenses groups (such as in the populations of Córdoba and Zambrano, in Bolívar).



B) To the jurisdiction of El Salado [The Salted] (and the entire area of the Municipality Del Carmen de Bolívar), the military and territorial competition of the Bafim5 was discontinued, taken out, removed; and the military and territorially competition given, taken charge, commended, to the Bacim31 [Contra-guerrillas Battalion of No. 31].



C) In consequence, the jurisdiction of El Salado [The Salted] and the whole area of the Municipality Del Carmen de Bolívar, were under the protection and territorial competition, of the Contra-guerrillas Battalion of No. 31 (Bacim31), and not of the Bafim5.



D) For the above-mentioned, regarding the Commandant of the Bacim31, were responsible for the protection rights of the jurisdictions composed of the Municipality Del Carmen de Bolívar, in the State of Bolívar, (and the jurisdictions composed by the municipalities of Chalán, Ovejas [Sheep] and Colossus, in the State of Sucre); before, during and after the massacre of El Salado [The Salted]; it was that military unit there, making presence and in charge of all related to Public Order, in coordination with Police authorities, specifically with the Third District Police of Del Carmen de Bolívar.



E) In this respect, concluded the Nation General Attorney's Office, in the Judgement, Pages 46 and 47 (Underlined and bolded):



"AAccording to the previous context, it is that by disposition of the Command Brigade, the Marine Corps Infantry Battalion of Fusiliers No. 5, in the months prior to the events, was committed in advancement operations against subversive groups, therefore, relocation of its troops was ordered due to the critical public order situation reigned in the region of Los Montes de María [María's Mounts], temporarily diminishing the environment of its competition area corresponding to the municipality of Del Carmen de Bolívar where a control headquarter of the Contra-guerrillas Battalion No. 31 was placed, therefore, it was the duty of this military Unit to develop military operations and intelligence activities."



SECOND:


Colonel Mantilla, as spokesman of the Marine Corps Infantry First Brigade, in official press releases information acknowledged by the Army.



It should be CLEAR:



a) Initially, the information that EVERYONE had, the Police, the DAS [Security Administrative Department], the Army, was on the confrontations between the guerrilla and the paramilitary (See some reports of regions’ authorities). Even today, it is registered this way, by the Republic’s Presidency in its 2006 article: "The panorama of Sucre,” in which the initial confrontations between subversion and paramilitaries and the subsequent massacre are reported.


Nevertheless, besides the first information on the initial confrontations between the subversion and the self-defenses (which afterwards, was also verified by the District Attorney’s Office after the rising of some cadavers dressed in military gear); what would constitute the true tragedy of El Salado, was the subsequent massacre that the paramilitary developed in the terror route in which they murdered by cruel acts more than 58 peasants, humble defenseless peasants, men, women and children, inhabitants of the Montes de Maria [María's Mounts] trail.

b) The undersigned Colonel Mantilla, as press spokesman of the Marine Corps Infantry First Brigade, transmitted information that initially was given to him by the Superior Controls (Naval Forces of the Atlantic - FNA -, Marine Corps Infantry First Brigade-BRIM1 -, and by the Contra-guerrillas Battalion No.31 (Bacim31), present in the Area.

The specific information on "paramilitary type checkpoints,” were known and were being managed between JONA in Bogotá; and CFNA in Cartagena; with CBRIM1, in Sincelejo. Cable No.161750R (16, 17:50 p.m.) dated 02/2000; Cable No. 161950 (16, 19:50), dated 02/2000; and Cable 161745 (16, 17:45 p.m.), dated 02/2000.

c) Later on, when the troops of the Contra-guerrillas Battalion (Bacim31), with territorial jurisdiction in the Municipality of Del Carmen de Bolívar, moved and arrived to the attacked trails by the paramilitary on February 18, 2000 (Ovejas [Sheep], El Palmar, La Pena, Flor del Monte), the massacre is confirmed.

d) The undersigned TCCIM Harold Mantilla, contrary to what it is stated by the JUSTICE AND PEACE Organization, it is in fact, the one who confirms to the Municipal Legal Representative Office of Oveja [Sheep], Dra. Angélica María Cruz Dajer that it is not a confrontation, it is a massacre. This official affirms by means of a sworn statement to the District Attorneys of the National Unit of Human Rights, file 155-51867-01, Book One, Page 195, : "... via phone (cellular) I spoke with Colonel MANTILLA on February 18, where he gives us a report of the situation and clarifies what had happened, that there were no confrontations but a massacre with firearms and they were doing their own thing... "

e) For more information, allow me to relate to documents with those of some of the region authorities who also informed, same as the undersigned, on "confrontations between the subversion and the paramilitary.” Then, why specifically criticize Colonel Mantilla, if everybody managed the same information? Will it be because he was the only one who faces it? ... Or because he was the "visible" face?

All contained reports on "confrontations between the guerrilla and the self-defenses": a) Record No. 0483, CINTE, February 18, 2000 (2:27 p.m.). FROM: Security Administrative Department DAS, Sucre Branch. TO: Marine Corps Infantry First Brigade Commandant (CBRIM1). Intelligence Information gathered by the Sectional. b) Radiogram FROM: JEM-BRIM1 (High Chief - Marine Corps Infantry First Brigade). ACC: CFNA (Forces Naval of the Atlantic Major. INFO: CIMAR (Marine Corps Infantry Command - JONA ( National Naval Army Operations Chief. c) Sincelejo District Attorney Branch. Record 00298, dated February 21, 2000. From the Secretary General Nelson Caicedo Rodríguez, to the Headquarters of Complaints Attention and Process at the District Attorney Office, Bogotá. d) District Attorney Office Bolívar Branch. d) Record DPBRD-5003-0354, February 24, 2000, Cartagena. From Muriel Eugenia Pérez to the District Attorney, at the Capital, José Fernando Castro Caicedo; e) District Attorney, Bolívar Branch. Record DPRB 5003-0373, dated February 28, 2000, from Muriel Eugenia Pérez to the National Director of Complaints Attention and Process, District Attorney, Bogotá.


In a same manner, the FARC [Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia] (Reports intercepted from "S" alias MARTIN CABALLERO, leader of the 37 front of the FARC, on confrontations against the self-defenses at El Salado [The Salted], La Sierra, Canutal, Canutalito. Monitoring M143A-M, captured February 19, 2000 at 1730 hours); and the AUC (in open Letter dated February 23, 2000, to the CTI Director, BOGOTA.







II. THE DAMAGE

a) The Political Letter of Colombia, in its article 15, consecrates as Fundamental Constitutional Right, the good name: "All the people are entitled to their personal and family intimacy and their good name, and the State should respect them and make them respect." (Bolded outside of text).

b) In turn, the Constitutional Court has defined the Right to the good name, as the Reputation, what other members of the society think about a person within the living environment. The good name is typically a projection right which supposedly is the constant valuation through time of an individual's behavior, starting from the actions carried out in its sphere of coexistence.” And the High Court continues: "Consequently, the right to the good name, is an individual and collective valuation that has its origin in all the acts and facts that a person carries out, so that through them, the community carries out a trial of value on its behavior.” (Judgement SU-056 dated 1995, MP Antonio Barrier Carbonell, Mentioned in Sentence T-787/04, MP Rodrigo Escobar Gil). (Bolded outside of text). And the Honorable Constitutional Court that, in the previous order of ideas, the mentioned Right is harmed when: ‘Without justification neither certain and real cause that is to say, without base, is spread among the public - in direct and personal form, through the media (…) - false nor erroneous information or species which distort the public concept that one has of an individual and that, therefore, tend to undermine the prestige and trust of those who enjoys in the social living environment, or when in any form the general opinion is manipulated to blurred its image" The Right to the good name, is, in consequence, a projection and valued Right which relate to good behavior (to spotless behavior, to a "good image" before the society), and, to social recognition toward that behavior; which is understood that it is violated when spread among the public, without justification neither certain and real cause, false nor erroneous information that tends to undermine the prestige and trust of those who enjoy in the social living environment, when in any way the general opinion is manipulated to blurred its image.

c) The undersigned Lieutenant Colonel ® HAROLD A. MANTILLA SERRANO, acted as Official of the Marine Corps Infantry of the National Navy for more than 23 years of Service, time which I developed an excellent military and personal Career, having been honored on the part of the civil and military authorities of the Local and National Government, by means of recognition and imposition of the highest Badges, and Distinguishing characteristics, granted to Marine Corps Infantry Official, for Acts of Bravery, and for the Military Virtues and Professionals of Exceptional Character, for the reestablishment and maintenance of the Public Order of the commended jurisdiction, and my leadership, and for giving and providing support to the communities for its well-being, protection and security, and for the safeguard of its human rights, and of the humanitarian international right. Additionally, during my 23 years of service, I was not subject of any sanction, undersigned has no criminal, administrative, civil or disciplinary records. Remaining unharmed my good name, honors, moral and prestige, during my exercise as Public Official or in my Private life.

d) The Official statement "FORGETFULNESS: 46. The Paramilitary Death Dance of El Salado [The Salted],” has openly spread erroneous information which distorts my good name and blurred my public prestige and trust earned during my military career, manipulating the general opinion and blurring my correct and neat image, damaging my reputation as a person and as a military official, wrought for more than 23 years of Service. Also, constitutes, a direct, serious, unjust, and hopeless attack against my honor and dignity, altering my peace and tranquility and that of my family.

e) The article "FORGETFULNESS: 46. The Paramilitary Dance of El Salado [The Salted],” was published and at the present time it is in the Inter-Ecclesiastic Justice and Peace Commission Web page http: //http://www.justiciay pazcolombia.org(justiciaypaz @ andinet.com); and in other Web Pages to which it was sent as "Official statement,” such as Press Release No. 456 of the José Alvear Law School(http://www.colectivodeabogados.org), Indymedia (http://www.colombia.indymedia.org), Acompaz (http://www.acompaz.org), Equip Nizkor, Human Rights Watch. Also appears in other Web Pages, such as so02 or em, of the Server es.geocities.com..

f) The article "FORGETFULNESS: 46. The Paramilitary Dance of El Salado [The Salted],” it is stored in: a) the Human Right and Political Violence Database, Center of Investigations and Popular Education (Cinep & Justice and Peace), and B) the “Noche y Niebla” [Night and Fog] Magazine Database.

g) The INTER-ECCLESIASTIC JUSTICE AND PEACE COMMISSION Web Page BASE and its DATABASE, are consulted by Government and Non Government Organizations, and National and International Institutions dedicated to Promote, to defense and protect Human Rights and Humanitarian International Rights; such as the United Nations Office of the High Commissioner in Colombia, Interamerican Court of Human Rights, Interamerican Human Rights Commission, Team Nizkor, World Organization against Torture, Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch, Human Rights Center of Nuremberg, Memory Resistance and Hope -René García-, The Colombian Project Never More, Intentional Peace Brigades, Colombia, Europe, United States Coordination; Actualidad Colombiana [Colombian Limelight] Bulletin, Coalition Against the Torture, Missing, Cronicon, Daikona, etc.















III. THE NEED OF JUSTICE AND AMENDMENT

a) I understand that in 2003, in the article "Forgetfulness 02: The paramilitary death dance of El Salado [The Salted]": the name of TCCIM Harold Mantilla has been censored in several ways. I understand that there was a lot of legal and judicial information, of RESERVED nature.

Hard reproaches that, -at that time-, (and during the time in which the reserved penal and disciplinary character investigations were developed), at the beginning, perhaps didn't seem "unjust,” for several reasons, but particularly, because due to tradition and location of the Bafim5, "it was supposed" that their troops, together with the Police Units of Bolívar, those in charge to protect the Municipality of Del Carmen de Bolívar where El Salado [The Salted] jurisdiction is located.

Additionally, because at that time, it was not of public knowledge (due to the reserved matters of the military operations), on the Troops of the Bafim5 relocation orders, this is, the displacement, months prior, of their soldiers to other Municipalities threatened by the self-defenses (As Córdoba, in Bolívar), according to the specific orders received by TCCIM Mantilla from the Superior Controls, and according to those which the geographical competition and the protection of the Municipality of Del Carmen de Bolívar, including, El Salado [The Salted] jurisdiction, had been given months prior to the Contra-guerrillas Battalion No. 31 (Bacim31), under the Command of Marine Corps Infantry Lieutenant Colonel Jorge Castaeda.

b) However, today, 7 years later, in public history, having the undersigned been found innocent, with supported proofs, and the true authors and their accomplices established, the censorship mentioned in article "Forgetfulness 02 and 46" (The paramilitary death dance of El Salado [The Salted]); regarding the behavior of TCCIM Harold Mantilla, and his Bafim5 Troops, spread worldwide in the Internet network system, is wrong and unjust, and must be urgently repaired.


c) I request then, to please detach, dissociate or remove my name, TCCIM ® Harold Mantilla Serrano, from the story, and/or in anyway in which has been related in the article Forgetfulness 02 and 46, and their Banks and Databases, where my performance and that of my troop (Bafim5) is reproached during the hideous paramilitary massacre of El Salado [The Salted]. A similar repair in the articles Forgetfulness 02 (and 46), published and spread worldwide by means of the Internet system, connections, links, etc., 7 years have passed of the massacre at El Salado [The Salted], it is about time to repair the history, to retell it, honoring the memory of the dead by the light of facts and proofs, perhaps ignored at that time, or prisoners of reserved summaries, but today they are waiting, in disciplinary and penal files, full of testimonies, statements, and inquests fed by the stories of victims’ families, and its killers, witnesses, humanitarians and defenders of the rights. Proofs full of information, details which would allow an honorable recognition to the memory of those who fell dead as victims of the paramilitary.

d) On my part, I humbly desire that with the same rigor and vehemence which encourage Justice and Peace Organizations to defense the Human rights of my countrymen victims of paramilitary and subversive violence; that with the same mistrust motivates my defense and those other "silent victims,” as my family, that escaping from the death threats of these main characters of the violence in Colombia, has place our lives at a higher risk because of the serious and unjust reproaches that hurts the honor, a husband's good name and a father, and as well as the entire family. In our forced exile, our lives in danger, we don't want to continue carrying the load of the serious and unjust loss of face.



Today, the Truth, the Justice and the Amendment are a Right for the inhabitants of El Salado [The Salted], and for all those that have been in one way or another victim of these horrendous crimes. I will rest, when the justice has already been pronounced, specifically about my innocence, when there are existing executed penal and disciplinary judgments pointing out the responsible parties.





















OBSERVATIONS:


It is important to notice that undersigned Colonel Mantilla was NEVER CHARGED FOR THE ALLEGED PARTICIPATION OR HAVE BEEN AN ACCOMPLICES OF EL SALADO [The Salted] MASSACRE. The disciplinary investigation was to determine which intelligence work had been developed, prior to the massacre, this is, the work guided to get information.

"… It is necessary to highlight that this Officer was charged with disciplinary reproach for the absence of activities guided to obtain intelligence information on possible places where the Self-defenses would enter or perform warlike actions, but not for the massacre, because according to established investigation and the charges exposed, at the time of the armed incursion, this officer had his troops committed in other military operations, therefore, he could not immediately react against the Self-defenses."

"… In the discharge stage, documents were given which linked to those obtained within the investigation, completely showing that this superior officer ordered the performance of intelligence works on the denominated generating agents of violence, the subversive groups, or Self-defenses.” "It is in the process trial elements which credits the activities of the Military Unit Commandant in such sense."

Parallel, nothing has been written about those who have been found disciplinary (2) and penally (3) responsible, neither on how they participated. No one picked up victims’ testimonies, no one brings to justice the true executioners, the names of the material authors of so hideous facts who have already been judged, sentenced and imprisoned, or deprived of their jobs.

Neither, there have been recorded that it was in fact the undersigned, TCCIM Harold Mantilla Serrano, the one who ordered the Disciplinary investigation before the Military Court 141, to establish the possible responsibility of military personnel in the facts of El Salado massacre (Investigation assumed by the Attorney General's office to whom all the early diligences were remitted); neither that in fact was the undersigned, TCCIM Harold Mantilla, personally filed accusation and requested before the Nation Attorney General Office, a Penal investigation for El Salado massacre, directly accusing as responsible the paramilitary (4) I. Neither it has been written that my Bafim5 troops, days later - after my Superiors ordered my return to the area -, amid intense combats, were able to capture paramilitary who had participated in El Salado massacre, which were personally given by TCCIM Harold Mantilla, to Atty. Yolanda Paternina Negrete, Assigned District Attorney of Sincelejo (Sucre) (5) ii, a personal friend with whom I worked intensely, and who also fell victim of the bullets of the paramilitary three years later, on Wednesday, August 23, 2003. The captured paramilitaries were investigated, sentenced and convicted to more than 30 years of prison.

I could write infinitely about my virtues as a military man, of my bravery medals and strength defending human rights, or the recognitions given by humble communities where I worked, my impeccable life history without criminal or disciplinary records, or the community work developed in Los Montes de María. I could write of my desire to request my retirement from the FFMM to devote myself to my home, my wife and my children. I could write about the horrors of the war we are living, I could dedicate hundreds of pages relating so many tragedies, so many ignominies suffered daily by the poorest in my country. I could give countless stories of the violence and the injustice. However, escaping from the death as now (6) iii, the only thing that I want to accomplish with this writing, very humbly, is to retell the history to honor the memory of those who died at El Salado, and to be able to finally find for me as well as some more of its victims, amendment and rest.







COMPLEMENT



The SPECIALIZED NATIONAL UNIT IN HUMAN RIGHTS DEFENSE of the NATION ATTORNEY GENERAL OFFICE, after the investigation of El Salado the massacre, RESOLVES in judgement uttered December 23, 2004, to SANCTION Officers, Colonel CARLOS ALBERTO SANCHEZ GARCÍA, as author responsible for the serious fact prescribed in numeral 39 of art. 59 of Law 836 dated 2003; and to sanction with absolute separation from the Military Forces and General Inability for the term of 10 years, to Lieutenant Commandant HÉCTOR MARTIN VÁSQUEZ SILVA, who acted as Major of the Orca Company of Contra-guerrillas Battalion No. 31, Marine Corps Infantry of the National Navy, as the author responsible for the deceitful serious fact prescribed in numeral 14, of art. 58 of Law 836 dated 2003,committed under the circumstances of time, way, described place and foundations exposed in the judgement.
The Nation Attorney General Office imposed assurance measure of preventive detention against 16 people, for their linking to the facts issues arrest warrant against Carlos Cassiope Gil, leader of the self-defense groups. In March 2001, accusation resolution was uttered against 16 involved people, as joint authors belonging to outlaw groups in heterogeneous and successive competition known as aggravated homicide. They are condemned to 40 years in prison: Marco Antonio Villa, Manuel Salvador Escorcia, Eliécer de Jesús Hernández, Edgardo Hernández Muoz, Javier Alonso Hernández, Sofranor Hernández, Eliécer Augusto Guau, Hélmer José Lobato, Socrates Antonio León, Álvaro Javier Escorcia and Rodolfo Domingo Ezequiel Salcedo. Convicted to 34 years in prison: Luis Alberto Flórez and Antonio Neira. Convicted to 30 years in prison: Pascual Manuel Villadiego. Call to trial: Carlos Cassiope Gil, John Jairo Esquivel Cuadrado, Salvatore Mancuso Gómez and 2 members of Marine Corps Infantry.
By means of Record No. 0179-CBAFIM5-AJ-746, dated February 21, 2000, 21, files Penal accusation before Atty. HERNÁN ENRIQUE DAZA MAYA, Sectional Director of District Attorney Offices of Sincelejo, Sucre; for the facts happened between February 17 and 18, 2000, against the Self-defenses under the command of SANTANDER LOZADA, CHEPE BARRERA, RODRIGO MÉNDEZ PELUFO, SALVATORE MANCUSO (alias "the monkey/blondie"), and N.N. (Alias "The Fat"), among others.
By means of Record No. 0219-S2-BAFIM5-259, dated February 28, 2000, place under disposition of Atty. YOLANDA PATERNINA NEGRETE, Specialized District Attorney Unit Chief, Sincelejo, Sucre; warning to four (04), paramilitary, LUIS ALBERTO FLOREZ RIVERA, bearing C.C. [citizenship ID] 78'766.441 issued in Tierra Alta, Córdoba; ALBEIRO ANTONIO RODRÍGUEZ, C.C. No. 11'001.895 issued in Montería, Córdoba; MIJAIS ANTONIO NEIRO PACHECO, C.C. No. 15'612.809 issued in Tierra Alta, Córdoba; and PASCUAL MANUEL VILLADIEGO HERNANDEZ, C.C. No. 15'676.171 issued in Planeta Rica, Córdoba); who carried 03 Shotguns AK 47, (01) machine gun .30, and (01) Grenade Throwing Rifle —79, and ammunition for same, and wearing exclusive Military Forces garments; linked as material authors of El Salado massacre, and were captured at La Sierra jurisdiction, Municipality of Córdoba (State of Bolívar), by the Marine Corps Infantry Battalion of Fusiliers No. 5, under the command of undersigned Lieutenant Colonel HAROLD MANTILLA, during armed confrontation.
By direct recommendation of Reverend A. S, I left Colombia on December 29, 2000, with my wife Mary, pregnant at that time, my two children, Nicole Vanessa, 4 years old and Harold Eduardo 3 years old, because of received DEATH THREATS by the Revolutionary Armed forces of Colombia - People’s Army (FARC), Fronts XXXV and XXXVII whom declared me as military target, particularly for my leadership and Community work in behalf of the civil population's well-being, my dedication to control public order and region’s security; existing the order of being pursued, captured and burnt alive.
























En el próximo mes de Febrero, entre los días 16 y 19, se cumplen siete años de la horrorosa “Masacre de El Salado”, en la región de los Montes de Maria, en donde paramilitares mediante actos de terror asesinaron a mas de 58 campesinos, iniciando su recorrido por las veredas de Flor del Monte, Canutal, Canutalito, Bajo Grande, Cielito, y Patibaque, del Municipio de Ovejas (Departamento de Sucre), y posteriormente, en el corregimiento de El Salado en el Municipio del Carmen de Bolívar (Departamento de Bolívar).

La ORGANIZACION INTERECLESIAL JUSTICIA Y PAZ en su articulo “Sin “Olvido 02: La Danza de la Muerte Paramilitar de El Salado”, publicado en Internet el 18 de Febrero de 2003 (y posteriormente en Sin Olvido 46), narra esta masacre describiendo los horrores cometidos, señalando los nombres de algunas de sus victimas, y reprochando entre líneas la actuación de algunos militares, entre ellos, la del suscrito Teniente Coronel de Infantería de Marina (TCCIM), HAROLD MANTILLA SERRANO, Comandante en aquella época del Batallón de Fusileros de Infantería de Marina No. 5 (Bafim5), y actualmente en uso de buen retiro de las Fuerzas Militares (FFMM).

COMENTARIOS QUE PRETENDO ACLARAR, LUEGO DE LO CUAL SOLICITO A LA COMISION INTERECLESIAL JUSTICIA Y PAZ, A SUS ASOCIADOS, ENLACES, BASES O BANCOS DE DATOS; “BORREN”, “DESASOCIEN”, “DESVINCULEN”, MI NOMBRE DE LA MASACRE DE EL SALADO, Y QUE POR LO TANTO, EL CORONEL HAROLD MANTILLA, YA NO SEA MAS MOTIVO DE “CENSURA”, DE LA FORMA Y EN LOS TÉRMINOS EN QUE LO HACE LA ORGANIZACIÓN INTERECLESIAL JUSTICIA Y PAZ, EN SUS ESCRITOS “SIN OLVIDO 02 Y 46: LA DANZA DE LA MUERTE PARAMILITAR DE EL SALADO”, Y/O EN CUALQUIER OTRO ESCRITO, PREVIO O POSTERIOR, DE IGUAL O SIMILAR NATURALEZA.

LO ANTERIOR, POR CUANTO TALES “REPROCHES” CARECEN DE TODO FUNDAMENTO LEGAL O MORAL, SIENDO GRAVES E INJUSTOS, Y POR CUANTO ME HAN GENERADO Y SIGUEN GENERANDO GRAVES E IRREMEDIABLES PERJUICIOS, ESPECIALMENTE RELACIONADOS CON MI VIDA Y MI SEGURIDAD, Y LA VIDA Y SEGURIDAD DE MI FAMILIA, DE MI ESPOSA Y DE MIS TRES HIJOS TODOS MENORES DE EDAD; Y FUNDAMENTALMENTE PORQUE YA EXISTEN EN ESTE PRECISO MOMENTO, FALLOS PENALES Y DISCIPLINARIOS, PÚBLICOS Y EJECUTORIADOS, QUE SALVAGUARDAN MI HONOR Y MI NOMBRE, Y QUE SEÑALAN LOS NOMBRES DE LOS VERDADEROS RESPONSABLES, SENTENCIADOS, ENCARCELADOS, O DESTITUIDOS DE SUS CARGOS.

Debo manifestar que no es mi intención criticar o generar controversias. Solo me anima el deseo de JUSTICIA, RECTIFICACION, y REPARACION , aclarando los hechos y suministrando información que en aquella época seguramente era desconocida, recogida en las pruebas y en diferentes diligencias judiciales obtenidas durante mas de cinco años de investigaciones, adelantadas por los mas altos Tribunales Defensores de los Derechos Humanos y del Derecho Internacional Humanitario, en Colombia, de reconocido prestigio nacional e Internacional.




I. DE LAS INFORMACIONES QUE ME CENSURAN

La ORGANIZACION INTERECLESIAL JUSTICIA Y PAZ en su articulo “Sin “Olvido 02: La Danza de la Muerte Paramilitar de El Salado”, durante su relato, básicamente, me reprocha:

1) Una supuesta “aquiescencia y complicidad de las tropas del Bafim5, las cuales nunca llegaron a El Salado a pesar de los retenes de tipo paramilitar; y,

2) La información de prensa que el suscrito suministro señalando que los muertos eran el “resultado de combates entre la guerrilla y los paramilitares... mientras que la Personería Municipal de Ovejas afirmaba que se trataba de una masacre de paramilitares”.









PRIMERO:


Las Tropas del Bafim5, nunca llegaron porque les era jurídica, material y geográficamente imposible hacerlo

A) Desde meses antes, por ordenes especificas de mis Superiores, las tropas del Bafim5, habían sido re-ubicadas en otros Municipios amenazados por la subversión y las autodefensas (como en las poblaciones de Córdoba y Zambrano, en Bolívar).

B) El corregimiento de El Salado (y toda el área del Municipio del Carmen de Bolívar), le fue descontado, sacado, quitado de la competencia militar y territorial al Bafim5; y le fue entregado, encargado, encomendado, militar y territorialmente al Bacim31.

C) En consecuencia, el corregimiento de El Salado, y toda el área del Municipio del Carmen de Bolívar, estaban bajo la protección y eran de la competencia territorial, del Batallón de Contraguerrillas No. 31 (Bacim31), y no del Bafim5.

D) Por lo anterior, respecto del Comandante del Bacim31, era que emergían los deberes de protección de los pobladores de los corregimientos que componen el Municipio del Carmen de Bolívar, en el Departamento de Bolívar (y de los corregimientos que componen los municipios de Chalán, Ovejas y Coloso, en el Departamento de Sucre); antes, durante y después de la masacre de El Salado; por encontrarse esa unidad militar allí, haciendo presencia y a cargo de todo lo relacionado con el Orden Publico, en coordinación con las autoridades de Policía, específicamente con el Tercer Distrito de Policía del Carmen de Bolívar.

E) Al respecto, concluyó la Procuraduría General de la Nación, en Fallo, Paginas 46 y 47 (Subrayado y negrilla nuestro):

“… Conforme con el anterior contexto se tiene que por disposición del Comando de Brigada, el Batallón de Fusileros de Infantería de Marina número 5, en los meses anteriores a los acontecimientos estuvo comprometido en el adelantamiento de operaciones contra los grupos subversivos y, por tanto, fue ordenada una reubicación de sus tropas por la critica situación de orden publico que imperaba en la región de los Montes de Maria, descontándole temporalmente del ámbito de su competencia la zona correspondiente al municipio de El Carmen de Bolívar, en donde se fijo el puesto de mando del Batallón de Contraguerrillas No. 31, por tanto le correspondía a esta Unidad militar desarrollar las operaciones militares y las actividades de inteligencia”.







SEGUNDO:



El Coronel Mantilla, como vocero de la Primera Brigada de Infantería de Marina, en comunicados de prensa, suministra las informaciones
de que tenia conocimiento la Armada

Se debe tener CLARO:

a) Inicialmente las informaciones que TODOS tenían, la Policía, el DAS, la Armada, era sobre enfrentamientos entre la guerrilla y los paramilitares (Ver algunos informes de autoridades de la región). Incluso así se haya registrado hoy, por la Presidencia de la Republica en su articulo del 2006: “Panorama de Sucre”, en el cual se informa sobre los enfrentamientos iniciales entre la subversión y los paramilitares, y la masacre subsiguiente.
No obstante, además de las primeras informaciones sobre enfrentamientos iniciales entre la subversión y las autodefensas (lo que también se verifico luego de que la Fiscalia hiciera el levantamiento de algunos cadáveres que vestían prendas de uso militar); lo que constituiría la verdadera tragedia de El Salado, era la subsiguiente masacre que los paramilitares desarrollaron en la ruta del terror durante la cual asesinaron con actos crueles a mas de 58 labriegos, humildes campesinos indefensos, hombres, mujeres y niños, habitantes de las veredas de los Montes de Maria.

b) El suscrito Coronel Mantilla, como vocero de prensa de la Primera Brigada de Infantería de Marina, transmitió las informaciones que inicialmente le eran suministradas por los Mandos Superiores (Fuerza Naval del Atlántico -FNA-, Primera Brigada de Infantería de Marina –BRIM1-, y por el Batallón de Contraguerrillas No.31 (Bacim31), presente en el Área.

La información especifica sobre “retenes de tipo paramilitar”, era conocida y estaba siendo manejada entre JONA en Bogota; y CFNA en Cartagena; con CBRIM1, en Sincelejo. Cablegrama No.161750R (16, 17:50 p.m.) de 02/2000; Cablegrama No. 161950 (16, 19:50), de 02/2000; y Cablegrama 161745 (16, 17:45 p.m.), de 02/2000.

c) Posteriormente, cuando las tropas del Batallón de Contraguerrillas (Bacim31), con jurisdicción territorial en el Municipio del Carmen de Bolívar, se desplazan y llegan a las veredas atacadas por los paramilitares el 18 de Febrero del 2000 (Ovejas, El Palmar, La Pena, Flor del Monte), se confirma la masacre.

d) El suscrito TCCIM Harold Mantilla, contrario a lo manifestado por la Organización JUSTICIA Y PAZ, es precisamente quien confirma a la Personería de Ovejas, a la Dra. Angélica Maria Cruz Dajer, que no se trataba de enfrentamientos, si no de una masacre. Así lo afirma esta funcionaria en declaración jurada a los Fiscales de la Unidad Nacional de Derechos Humanos, expediente 155-51867-01, Cuaderno Uno, Folio 195. : “...vía telefónica (celular) hable con el Coronel MANTILLA el 18 de Febrero, donde el pues nos da un informe de la situación y nos aclaraba lo sucedido, que no hubo enfrentamientos sino una masacre con arma blanca y que ellos estaban haciendo lo propio ...”

e) A manera de ilustración me permito relacionar documentos en los que algunas autoridades de la región también informaron, como el suscrito, sobre “enfrentamientos entre la subversión y los paramilitares”. Entonces, porque criticar específicamente al Coronel Mantilla, si todo el mundo manejaba la misma información? Será porque fui el único que dio la cara? ... O porque era la cara “visible?”

Todos contienen informes sobre “enfrentamientos entre la guerrilla y las autodefensas”: a) Oficio No. 0483, CINTE, Febrero 18 del 2000 (2:27 p.m.). DE: Departamento Administrativo de Seguridad DAS, Seccional Sucre. AL: Comandante Primera Brigada de Infantería de Marina (CBRIM1). Información de Inteligencia recolectada por la Seccional. b) Radiograma De: JEM-BRIM1 (Jefe Estado Mayor – Primera Brigada de Infantería de Marina). ACC: CFNA (Comandante Fuerza Naval del Atlántico. INFO: CIMAR (Comando Infantería de Marina – JONA (Jefe Operaciones Navales Armada Nacional. c) Defensoria del Pueblo, Regional Sincelejo. Oficio 00298, del 21 de Febrero del 2000. Del Secretario General Nelson Caicedo Rodríguez, a la Dirección de Atención y Tramite de quejas Defensoria del Pueblo, Bogota. d) Defensoria del Pueblo, Regional de Bolívar. d) Oficio DPBRD-5003-0354, 24 de Febrero de 2000, de Cartagena. De Muriel Eugenia Pérez al Defensor del Pueblo, en la Capital, José Fernando Castro Caicedo; e) Defensoria del Pueblo, regional Bolívar. Oficio DPRB 5003-0373, del 28 de Febrero de 2000, de Muriel Eugenia Pérez al Director Nacional de Atención y Tramite de Quejas, Defensoria del Pueblo, Bogota.

De igual manera así lo manifestaron las FARC (Reporte interceptado, del “S” alias MARTIN CABALLERO, cabecilla del 37 frente de las FARC, sobre enfrentamientos contra las autodefensas en El Salado, La Sierra, Canutal, Canutalito. Monitoria M143A-M, captada el 19 de Febrero de 2000 a las 1730R); y las AUC (en Carta abierta del 23 de Febrero de 2000, al Director del CTI, Bogota).







II. DEL PERJUICIO

a) La Carta Política de Colombia, en su articulo 15, consagra como Derecho Constitucional Fundamental, el buen nombre: “Todas las personas tienen derecho a su intimidad personal y familiar y a su buen nombre, y el Estado debe respetarlos y hacerlos respetar.” (Negrilla fuera del texto).

b) A su turno, la Corte Constitucional ha definido el Derecho al buen nombre, como la Reputación que acerca de una persona tienen los demás miembros de la sociedad en el medio en el cual se desenvuelve. El buen nombre es un derecho típicamente proyectivo, que supone la constante valoración a través del tiempo de la conducta del individuo, a partir de las acciones realizadas en su esfera de convivencia”. Y Continua el Alto Tribunal: “Por consiguiente, el derecho al buen nombre, es una valoración individual y colectiva que tiene su origen en todos los actos y hechos que una persona realice, para que a través de ellos, la comunidad realice un juicio de valor sobre su comportamiento”. (Sentencia SU-056 de 1.995, MP Antonio Barrera Carbonell, Citada en Sentencia T-787/04, MP Rodrigo Escobar Gil). (Negrilla fuera del texto). Y agrega la Honorable Corte Constitucional que, en el anterior orden de ideas, el citado Derecho es vulnerado cuando: ‘Sin justificación ni causa cierta y real, es decir, sin fundamento, ser propagan entre el publico -bien en forma directa y personal, ya a través de los medios de comunicación (…) –informaciones falsas o erróneas o especies que distorsionan el concepto publico que se tiene del individuo y que, por lo tanto, tienden a socavar el prestigio y la confianza de los que disfruta en el entorno social en cuyo medio actúa, o cuando en cualquier forma se manipula la opinión general para desdibujar su imagen” El Derecho al buen nombre, es, en consecuencia, un Derecho proyectivo y de valor, que hace relación al buen comportamiento (a la conducta intachable, a la “buena imagen” ante la sociedad), y, al reconocimiento social hacia ese comportamiento; que se entiende que es violado cuando se propagan entre el publico, sin justificación ni causa cierta y real, informaciones falsas o erróneas, que socavan el prestigio y la confianza de que se disfruta en el entrono social, cuando de cualquier manera se manipula la opinión general para desdibujar su imagen.

c) El suscrito Teniente Coronel ® HAROLD A. MANTILLA SERRANO, se desempeñó como Oficial del Cuerpo de Infantería de Marina de la Armada Nacional durante mas de 23 anos de Servicio, tiempo durante el cual desarrolle una Carrera militar y personal sobresaliente, habiendo sido honrado por parte de las autoridades civiles y militares, del Gobierno Local y Nacional, mediante el reconocimiento y la imposición de las mas altas Condecoraciones, y Distintivos, otorgados a Oficiales de Infantería de Marina, por Actos de Valor, y por las Virtudes Militares y Profesionales de Carácter Excepcional, por el restablecimiento y mantenimiento del Orden Publico de la jurisdicción encomendada, y por mi liderazgo, entrega y por el apoyo prestado a las comunidades para su bienestar, protección y seguridad, y para la salvaguarda de sus derechos humanos, y del derecho internacional humanitario. Adicionalmente durante mis 23 anos de servicio, no fui objeto de ninguna sanción, careciendo el suscrito de antecedentes penales, administrativos, civiles o disciplinarios. Permaneciendo incólume su buen nombre, honra, moral y prestigio, durante mi ejercicio como Funcionario Publico, o, en mi vida Particular.

d) El Comunicado “SIN OLVIDO: 46. La Danza de la Muerte Paramilitar de El Salado”, ha propagado públicamente informaciones erróneas, que distorsionan mi buen nombre y socavan el prestigio y la confianza publica de que me hice merecedor durante mi carrera militar, manipulando la opinión general y desdibujando mi imagen recta y pulcra, dañando mi reputación, como persona y como militar, forjada durante mas de 23 anos de Servicio. Constituye, además, un ataque directo, grave, injusto, e irremediable, en contra de mi honra y dignidad, alterando mi paz y tranquilidad y la de mi familia.

e) El articulo “SIN OLVIDO: 46. La Danza Paramilitar de El Salado”, fue publicado y actualmente se encuentra en la pagina Web de la Comisión Intereclesial Justicia y Paz http: //http://www.justiciaypazcolombia.org (justiciaypaz @andinet.com); y en otras Paginas Web a las que les fue enviado como “Comunicado”, tales como el articulo de Prensa No. 456 del Colegio de Abogados José Alvear (http://www.colectivodeabogados.org), Indymedia (http://www.colombia.indymedia.org), Acompaz (http://www.acompaz.org), Equipo Nizkor, Human Rights Wach. Además aparece en otras paginas Web, tales como so02 o em, de el Servidor es.geocities.com..

f) El articulo “SIN OLVIDO: 46. La Danza Paramilitar de El Salado”, está almacenado en: A) En el Banco de Datos de Derecho Humanos y Violencia Política, Centro de Investigaciones y Educación Popular (Cinep & Justicia y Paz), y B) En su Base de Datos de la Revista “Noche y Niebla”.

g) Tanto la Pagina Web de la COMISION INTERECLESIAL JUSTICIA Y PAZ, como su BASE y su BANCO de DATOS, son consultados por las Organizaciones Gubernamentales y No Gubernamentales, e Instituciones Nacionales e Internacionales, dedicados a Promoción, defensa y protección de los Derechos Humanos y del Derecho Internacional Humanitario; tales como la Oficina del Alto Comisionado de las Naciones Unidas en Colombia, Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos, Comisión Interamericana de Derechos Humanos, Equipo Nizkor, Organización Mundial contra la tortura, Amnistía Internacional, Human Rigthts Watch, Centro de Derechos Humanos de Nuremberg, Memoria Resistencia y Esperanza –Rene García-, Proyecto Colombia Nunca Mas, Brigadas Intencionales de Paz, Coordinación Colombia, Europa, Estados Unidos; Boletín Actualidad Colombiana, Coalición Contra la Tortura, Desaparecidos, Cronicon, Daikona, etc.;







III. DE LA NECESIDAD DE JUSTICIA Y RECTIFICACION


a) Entiendo que en el año 2003, en el articulo “Sin Olvido 02: La danza de la muerte paramilitar de El Salado”: se haya censurado de diversas formas el nombre del TCCIM Harold Mantilla. Entiendo ya que existía mucha información de carácter legal y judicial, de naturaleza RESERVADA.

Duros reproches que, – en esos momentos -, (y durante el tiempo en que se desarrollaron las investigaciones penales y disciplinarias de carácter reservadas), en principio, tal vez no parecían “injustos”, por varias razones, pero especialmente porque por tradición y por la ubicación del Bafim5, se “suponía” que eran sus tropas, junto con las Unidades de la Policía de Bolívar, los encargados de la protección del Municipio del Carmen de Bolívar en donde se encuentra el Corregimiento de El Salado.

Adicionalmente, porque en ese momento no era de publico conocimiento (por el carácter reservado de las operaciones militares), sobre las ordenes de re-ubicación de las Tropas del Bafim5, esto es, el desplazamiento, meses antes, de sus soldados a otros Municipios amenazados por las autodefensas (Como Córdoba, en Bolívar), de acuerdo con ordenes especificas que recibió el TCCIM Mantilla de los Mandos Superiores, y según las cuales la competencia geográfica y la protección del Municipio del Carmen de Bolívar, y por ende del corregimiento de El Salado le había sido entregada meses antes, al Batallón de Contraguerrillas No. 31 (Bacim31), al Mando del Teniente Coronel de Infantería de Marina Jorge Castañeda.

b) Sin embargo, hoy, 7 años después, a la luz de la historia, declarado el suscrito inocente, con apoyo en las pruebas, y establecidos los verdaderos autores y sus cómplices, las censuras hechas en el articulo “Sin Olvido 02 y 46” (La danza de la muerte paramilitar de El Salado); a la conducta del TCCIM Harold Mantilla, y de sus Tropas del Bafim5, difundidas mundialmente por el sistema de redes de Internet, resultan equivocadas e injustas, siendo urgente su reparación.
c) Ruego entonces, por favor desvincular, desasociar o remover mi nombre, TCCIM ® Harold Mantilla Serrano, del relato, y/o de la forma en que ha sido relacionado en el articulo Sin Olvido 02 y 46, y de sus Bancos y Bases de Datos, donde se reprocha mi actuación y la de mis tropas (Bafim5), durante la horrorosa masacre paramilitar de El Salado. Reparación en similar forma de la que el articulo Sin Olvido 02 (y 46), fueran publicados y difundidos mundialmente mediante el Sistema de Redes, enlaces, vínculos, links, etc., en el Internet. Ad – portas de cumplirse 7 años de la masacre de El Salado, es el momento de reparar la historia, de re-contarla, de honrar la memoria de los caídos a la luz de hechos y de las pruebas que tal vez en aquella época eran desconocidas, o estaban prisioneras en la reserva de los sumarios; pero que hoy se encuentran a la espera, en expedientes disciplinarios y penales, llenos de testimonios, declaraciones, y de indagatorias; alimentados con los relatos de familiares de las victimas, y de sus victimarios, de testigos, de filántropos y defensores de los derechos. Pruebas repletas de información, de detalles, que permitirían hacer un honroso reconocimiento a la memoria de quienes cayeron victimas de los paramilitares.

d) Por mi parte, deseo humildemente que con el mismo rigor y vehemencia que anima a las Organizaciones como Justicia y Paz, a la defensa de los Derechos Humanos de mis compatriotas victimas de la violencia paramilitar y subversiva; que con igual recelo motive mi defensa y la de otras “victimas silenciosas”, como mi familia, que huyendo de las amenazas de muerte de estos protagonistas de la violencia en Colombia, vemos colocadas nuestras vidas, en un riesgo aun mayor, por los graves e injustos reproches que lastiman la honra y el buen nombre del esposo y padre, y, por ende, de toda su familia. En nuestro exilio forzado, peligrando nuestras vidas, no queremos, además, seguir cargando con el peso grave e injusto del desprestigio.



Hoy, la Verdad, la Justicia y la Reparación es un Derecho para los habitantes de El Salado, y para todos aquellos que de una u otra forma hemos sido victimas de estos horrendos crímenes. Descanso, en momentos en que ya la justicia se ha pronunciado específicamente sobre mi inocencia, y cuando existen fallos penales y disciplinarios ejecutoriados, que señalan responsables.









OBSERVATIONS:



It is important to notice that undersigned Colonel Mantilla was NEVER CHARGED FOR THE ALLEGED PARTICIPATION OR HAVE BEEN AN ACCOMPLICES OF EL SALADO [The Salted] MASSACRE. The disciplinary investigation was to determine which intelligence work had been developed, prior to the massacre, this is, the work guided to get information.

"… It is necessary to highlight that this Officer was charged with disciplinary reproach for the absence of activities guided to obtain intelligence information on possible places where the Self-defenses would enter or perform warlike actions, but not for the massacre, because according to established investigation and the charges exposed, at the time of the armed incursion, this officer had his troops committed in other military operations, therefore, he could not immediately react against the Self-defenses."

"… In the discharge stage, documents were given which linked to those obtained within the investigation, completely showing that this superior officer ordered the performance of intelligence works on the denominated generating agents of violence, the subversive groups, or Self-defenses.” "It is in the process trial elements which credits the activities of the Military Unit Commandant in such sense."

Parallel, nothing has been written about those who have been found disciplinary (2) and penally (3) responsible, neither on how they participated. No one picked up victims’ testimonies, no one brings to justice the true executioners, the names of the material authors of so hideous facts who have already been judged, sentenced and imprisoned, or deprived of their jobs.

Neither, there have been recorded that it was in fact the undersigned, TCCIM Harold Mantilla Serrano, the one who ordered the Disciplinary investigation before the Military Court 141, to establish the possible responsibility of military personnel in the facts of El Salado massacre (Investigation assumed by the Attorney General's office to whom all the early diligences were remitted); neither that in fact was the undersigned, TCCIM Harold Mantilla, personally filed accusation and requested before the Nation Attorney General Office, a Penal investigation for El Salado massacre, directly accusing as responsible the paramilitary (4) I. Neither it has been written that my Bafim5 troops, days later - after my Superiors ordered my return to the area -, amid intense combats, were able to capture paramilitary who had participated in El Salado massacre, which were personally given by TCCIM Harold Mantilla, to Atty. Yolanda Paternina Negrete, Assigned District Attorney of Sincelejo (Sucre) (5) ii, a personal friend with whom I worked intensely, and who also fell victim of the bullets of the paramilitary three years later, on Wednesday, August 23, 2003. The captured paramilitaries were investigated, sentenced and convicted to more than 30 years of prison.

I could write infinitely about my virtues as a military man, of my bravery medals and strength defending human rights, or the recognitions given by humble communities where I worked, my impeccable life history without criminal or disciplinary records, or the community work developed in Los Montes de María. I could write of my desire to request my retirement from the FFMM to devote myself to my home, my wife and my children. I could write about the horrors of the war we are living, I could dedicate hundreds of pages relating so many tragedies, so many ignominies suffered daily by the poorest in my country. I could give countless stories of the violence and the injustice. However, escaping from the death as now (6) iii, the only thing that I want to accomplish with this writing, very humbly, is to retell the history to honor the memory of those who died at El Salado, and to be able to finally find for me as well as some more of its victims, amendment and rest.








COMPLEMENTO



La UNIDAD NACIONAL ESPECIALIZADA EN LA DEFENSA DE LOS DERECHOS HUMANOS de la PROCURADURA GENERAL DE LA NACION, luego de adelantada la investigación de la masacre de El Salado, RESUELVE en fallo proferido el 23 de Diciembre de 2004, SANCIONAR a los Oficiales, Coronel CARLOS ALBERTO SANCHEZ GARCIA, como autor responsable de la falta grave establecida en el numeral 39 del art. 59 de la Ley 836 de 2003; y sancionar con separación absoluta de las Fuerzas Militares e Inhabilidad General por el termino de 10 anos, al Capitán de Corbeta HECTOR MARTIN PITA VASQUEZ, quien actuaba como Comandante del la Compañía Orca del Batallón de Contraguerrillas No. 31, de la Infantería de Marina de la Armada Nacional, como autor responsable de la falta gravísima dolosa establecida en el numeral 14, del art. 58 de la Ley 836 de 2003, cometida en las circunstancias de tiempo, modo, lugar descritas y con base en los fundamentos expuestos en el fallo.
La Fiscalía General de la Nación impuso medida de aseguramiento de detención preventiva contra 16 personas. Por su vinculación a los hechos libra la orden de captura contra Carlos Castaño Gil, líder de los grupos de autodefensa. En marzo de 2001 se profirió resolución de acusación contra las 16 personas involucradas, como coautores por pertenencia a grupos de justicia privada en concurso heterogéneo y sucesivo con homicidio agravado. Son condenados a 40 años de prisión: Marco Antonio Villa, Manuel Salvador Escorcia, Eliécer de Jesús Hernández, Edgardo Hernández Muñoz, Javier Alonso Hernández, Sofranor Hernández, Eliécer Augusto Guau, Hélmer José Lobato, Sócrates Antonio León, Álvaro Javier Escorcia y Rodolfo Domingo Ezequiel Salcedo. Condenados a 34 años de cárcel: Luis Alberto Flórez y Antonio Neira. Condenado a 30 años de prisión: Pascual Manuel Villadiego. Llamados a juicio: Carlos Castaño Gil, John Jairo Esquivel Cuadrado, Salvatore Mancuso Gómez y 2 miembros de la Infantería de Marina.
Mediante Oficio No. 0179-CBAFIM5-AJ-746, del 21 de Febrero de 2000, instaure denuncia Penal para ante el Dr. HERNAN ENRIQUE DAZA MAYA, Director Seccional de Fiscalias de Sincelejo, Sucre; por los hechos ocurridos entre los días 17 y 18 de Febrero del 2000, en contra de las Autodefensas al mando de SANTANDER LOZADA, CHEPE BARRERA, RODRIGO MENDEZ PELUFO, SALVATORE MANCUSO (alias “el mono”), y N.N. (Alias “El Gordo”), entre otros.
Mediante Oficio No. 0219-S2-BAFIM5-259, de Febrero 28 de 2000, coloque a disposición de la Doctora YOLANDA PATERNINA NEGRETE, Jefe Unidad Especializada de Fiscaliza, Sincelejo, Sucre; a prevención, a cuatro (04), paramilitares (LUIS ALBERTO FLOREZ RIVERA, con C.C. 78’766.441, de Tierra Alta, Córdoba; ALBEIRO ANTONIO RODRIGUEZ, C.C. No. 11’001.895 de Montería, Córdoba; MIJAIS ANTONIO NEIRO PACHECO, con C.C. No. 15’612.809 de Tierra Alta, Córdoba; y PASCUAL MANUEL VILLADIEGO HERNANDEZ, con C.C. No. 15’676.171 de Planeta Rica, Córdoba); quienes portaban 03 Fusiles AK 47, una (01) ametralladora .30, y un (01) Fusil Lanzagranadas M-79, y munición para los mismos, y vestían prendas de uso privativo de las Fuerzas Militares; vinculados como autores materiales de la masacre de El Salado, y quienes fueron capturados en el corregimiento de La Sierra, del Municipio de Córdoba (Departamento de Bolívar), por las Tropas del Batallón de Fusileros de infantería de Marina No. 5, bajo mando del sucrito, Teniente Coronel HAROLD MANTILLA, durante enfrentamiento armado.
Por recomendación directa del Reverendo A. S, salí de Colombia el día 29 de Diciembre del año 2000, con mi esposa Mary, en aquella época en estado de embarazo, y mis dos hijos, Nicole Vaness de 4 anos y Harold Eduardo de 3 anos de edad; POR ENCONTRARME AMENAZADO DE MUERTE, por las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia -Ejercito del Pueblo- (FARC), Frentes XXXV y XXXVII, quienes me declararon objetivo militar, especialmente por mi liderazgo y labor Comunitaria en pro del bienestar de la población civil, y por mi dedicación al control del orden publico y la seguridad de la región; existiendo la orden de ser perseguido, capturado y quemado vivo.













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